[Pyside6-Study] Chapter-3

1.创建主窗口

在第一步，我们将会使用子类QMainWindow创建主窗口，QMainWindow的构造函数与QWidget类类似；

PySide6.QtWidgets.QMainWindow([parent=None[,flags=0]])

下面的代码展示如何创建最基础的主窗口程序；

# Import required modules
import sys
from PySide6.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    """ Our Main Window Class
    """
    def __init__(self):
        """ Constructor Fucntion
        """
        QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.setWindowTitle("Main Window")
        self.setGeometry(300, 250, 400, 300)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Exception Handling
    try:
        myApp = QApplication(sys.argv)
        mainWindow = MainWindow()
        mainWindow.show()
        myApp.exec()
        sys.exit(0)
    except NameError:
        print("Name Error:", sys.exc_info()[1])
    except SystemExit:
        print("Closing Window...")
    except Exception:
        print(sys.exc_info()[1])

以下是个人习惯

import sys
from PySide6.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow,QLabel,QStatusBar

class Main:
    def __init__(self) -> None:
        self.app = QApplication(sys.argv)
        self.win = QMainWindow()
    def GUI(self):
        self.win.setGeometry(300, 250, 400, 300)
        QLabel(self.win,text="bili:崩析")
        myStatusBar = QStatusBar()
        myStatusBar.showMessage('Ready',2000)
        self.win.setStatusBar(myStatusBar)
    def run(self):
        self.GUI()
        self.win.show()
        self.app.exec()

if __name__=="__main__":
    xe = Main()
    xe.run()

 2.状态栏

状态栏是一个水平的信息区域，通常位于GUI窗口的底部。

它的主要任务是显示有关窗口当前状态的信息。

状态栏还可以分为几个部分，每个部分向用户显示不同的信息。

在PySide中，状态栏可以通过调用函数添加到QMainWindow类中

QMainWindow.setStatusBar(状态栏)。它接受PySide6.QtWidgets的对象。  QStatusBar作为参数。 状态栏的属性由该类定义，并返回该类的一个对象来设置状态栏。 将此参数设置为0将从主窗口中删除状态栏。 状态栏可以显示以下三种信息:
  • Temporary：简要占据状态栏的大部分，主要用于解释工具提示文本、菜单项等
  • Normal：占用状态栏的一部分，可能被临时消息暂时隐藏，用于显示当前窗口信息、页面号、行号等
  • Permanent：通常占用空间较小，用于指示重要的模式信息、大写锁定指示灯、拼写检查信息等

 创建一个QStatusBar对象并设置参数 ，然后把这个对象使用setStatusBar函数设置到主窗口上：

此状态信息会在两秒后消失；

    def CreateStatusBar(self):
        """ Function to create Status Bar
        """
        self.myStatusBar = QStatusBar()
        self.myStatusBar.showMessage('Ready', 2000)
        self.setStatusBar(self.myStatusBar)

All_Code:

# Import required modules
import sys
from PySide6.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow,QStatusBar
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    """ Our Main Window Class
    """
    def __init__(self):
        """ Constructor Fucntion
        """
        QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.setWindowTitle("Main Window")
        self.setGeometry(300, 250, 400, 300)
    def CreateStatusBar(self):
        """ Function to create Status Bar
        """
        self.myStatusBar = QStatusBar()
        self.myStatusBar.showMessage('Ready', 2000)
        self.setStatusBar(self.myStatusBar)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Exception Handling
    try:
        myApp = QApplication(sys.argv)
        mainWindow = MainWindow()
        mainWindow.CreateStatusBar()
        mainWindow.show()
        myApp.exec()
        sys.exit(0)
    except NameError:
        print("Name Error:", sys.exc_info()[1])
    except SystemExit:
        print("Closing Window...")
    except Exception:
        print(sys.exc_info()[1])

如果想要进度条显示在状态栏；只需要做如下修改；

    def __init__(self):
       
        ...
        self.setGeometry(300, 250, 400, 300)
        self.statusLabel = QLabel('Showing Progress')
        self.progressBar = QProgressBar()
        self.progressBar.setMinimum(0)
        self.progressBar.setMaximum(100)
        ...
    def CreateStatusBar(self):
        """ Function to create Status Bar
        """
        self.myStatusBar = QStatusBar()
        self.progressBar.setValue(10)#新增
        self.myStatusBar.addWidget(self.statusLabel, 1)#新增
        self.myStatusBar.addWidget(self.progressBar, 2)#新增
        self.setStatusBar(self.myStatusBar)

现所有代码如下:

# Import required modules
import sys
from PySide6.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow,QStatusBar,QLabel,QProgressBar
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    """ Our Main Window Class
    """
    def __init__(self):
        """ Constructor Fucntion
        """
        QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.setWindowTitle("Main Window")
        ...
        self.setGeometry(300, 250, 400, 300)
        self.statusLabel = QLabel('Showing Progress')
        self.progressBar = QProgressBar()
        self.progressBar.setMinimum(0)
        self.progressBar.setMaximum(100)
        ...
    def CreateStatusBar(self):
        """ Function to create Status Bar
        """
        self.myStatusBar = QStatusBar()
        self.progressBar.setValue(10)#新增
        self.myStatusBar.addWidget(self.statusLabel, 1)#新增
        self.myStatusBar.addWidget(self.progressBar, 2)#新增
        self.setStatusBar(self.myStatusBar)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Exception Handling
    try:
        myApp = QApplication(sys.argv)
        mainWindow = MainWindow()
        mainWindow.CreateStatusBar()
        mainWindow.show()
        myApp.exec()
        sys.exit(0)
    except NameError:
        print("Name Error:", sys.exc_info()[1])
    except SystemExit:
        print("Closing Window...")
    except Exception:
        print(sys.exc_info()[1])

效果如下

3.菜单栏

为了体现状态栏，使用一个控件占据中央位置；

    def SetupComponents(self):
        """ Setting the central widget
        """
        textEdit = QTextEdit()
        self.setCentralWidget(textEdit)

 添加菜单栏

使用QMenuBar创建一个菜单栏；

使用QMainWindow函数.menuBar().addMenu()添加菜单按钮，返回按钮对象；

    def CreateMenus(self):
        """ Function to create actual menu bar
        """
        self.fileMenu = self.menuBar().addMenu("&File")
        self.editMenu = self.menuBar().addMenu("&Edit")
        self.helpMenu = self.menuBar().addMenu("&Help")

创建动作QAction内容,其中triggered为调用函数，statusTip信息显示在状态栏里；

    def CreateActions(self):
        """ Function to create actions for menus
        """
        self.newAction = QAction( QIcon('new.png'), '&New',self, shortcut=QKeySequence.New,statusTip="Create a New File",triggered=self.newFile)
        self.exitAction = QAction( QIcon('exit.png'), 'E&xit',self, shortcut="Ctrl+Q",statusTip="Exit the Application",triggered=self.exitFile)
        self.copyAction = QAction( QIcon('copy.png'), 'C&opy',self, shortcut="Ctrl+C",statusTip="Copy",triggered=self.textEdit.copy)
        self.pasteAction = QAction( QIcon('paste.png'), '&Paste',self, shortcut="Ctrl+V",statusTip="Paste",triggered=self.textEdit.paste)
        self.aboutAction = QAction( QIcon('about.png'), 'A&bout',self, statusTip="Displays info about text editor",triggered=self.aboutHelp)

为按钮添加动作；

        self.fileMenu.addAction(self.newAction)
        self.fileMenu.addSeparator()
        self.fileMenu.addAction(self.exitAction)
        self.editMenu.addAction(self.copyAction)
        self.fileMenu.addSeparator()
        self.editMenu.addAction(self.pasteAction)
        self.helpMenu.addAction(self.aboutAction)

所有代码如下:

# Import required modules
import sys
from PySide6.QtWidgets import *
from PySide6.QtGui import QAction,QIcon,QKeySequence
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    """ Our Main Window Class
    """
    def __init__(self):
        """ Constructor Fucntion
        """
        QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.setWindowTitle("Main Window")
        ...
        self.setGeometry(300, 250, 400, 300)
        self.statusLabel = QLabel('Showing Progress')
        self.progressBar = QProgressBar()
        self.progressBar.setMinimum(0)
        self.progressBar.setMaximum(100)
        ...
    def CreateStatusBar(self):
        """ Function to create Status Bar
        """
        self.myStatusBar = QStatusBar()
        self.progressBar.setValue(10)#新增
        self.myStatusBar.addWidget(self.statusLabel, 1)#新增
        self.myStatusBar.addWidget(self.progressBar, 2)#新增
        self.setStatusBar(self.myStatusBar)
     # Actual menu bar item creation
    def CreateMenus(self):
        """ Function to create actual menu bar
        """
        self.fileMenu = self.menuBar().addMenu("&File")
        self.editMenu = self.menuBar().addMenu("&Edit")
        self.helpMenu = self.menuBar().addMenu("&Help")
    def SetupComponents(self):
        """ Function to setup status bar, central widget, menu bar
        """
        self.myStatusBar = QStatusBar()
        self.setStatusBar(self.myStatusBar)
        self.myStatusBar.showMessage('Ready', 10000)
        self.textEdit = QTextEdit()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.textEdit)
        self.CreateActions()
        self.CreateMenus()
        self.fileMenu.addAction(self.newAction)
        self.fileMenu.addSeparator()
        self.fileMenu.addAction(self.exitAction)
        self.editMenu.addAction(self.copyAction)
        self.fileMenu.addSeparator()
        self.editMenu.addAction(self.pasteAction)
        self.helpMenu.addAction(self.aboutAction)
    def CreateActions(self):
        """ Function to create actions for menus
        """
        self.newAction = QAction( QIcon('new.png'), '&New',self, shortcut=QKeySequence.New,statusTip="Create a New File",triggered=self.newFile)
        self.exitAction = QAction( QIcon('exit.png'), 'E&xit',self, shortcut="Ctrl+Q",statusTip="Exit the Application",triggered=self.exitFile)
        self.copyAction = QAction( QIcon('copy.png'), 'C&opy',self, shortcut="Ctrl+C",statusTip="Copy",triggered=self.textEdit.copy)
        self.pasteAction = QAction( QIcon('paste.png'), '&Paste',self, shortcut="Ctrl+V",statusTip="Paste",triggered=self.textEdit.paste)
        self.aboutAction = QAction( QIcon('about.png'), 'A&bout',self, statusTip="Displays info about text editor",triggered=self.aboutHelp)
    # Slots called when the menu actions are triggered
    def newFile(self):
        self.textEdit.setText('')
    def exitFile(self):
        self.close()
    
    def aboutHelp(self):
        QMessageBox.about(self, "About Simple Text Editor","This example demonstrates the use ""of Menu Bar")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Exception Handling
    try:
        myApp = QApplication(sys.argv)
        mainWindow = MainWindow()
        mainWindow.SetupComponents()
        mainWindow.CreateStatusBar()
        mainWindow.show()
        myApp.exec()
        sys.exit(0)
    except NameError:
        print("Name Error:", sys.exc_info()[1])
    except SystemExit:
        print("Closing Window...")
    except Exception:
        print(sys.exc_info()[1])

效果如下

 添加工具栏

添加工具栏的方法很简单，就是一个方法，它让一些菜单栏的动作直接展示出来；

    def CreateToolBar(self):
        """ Function to create tool bar
        """
        self.mainToolBar = self.addToolBar('Main')

添加动作也很简单

        ...
        self.helpMenu.addAction(self.aboutAction)
        self.mainToolBar.addAction(self.newAction)
        self.mainToolBar.addSeparator()
        self.mainToolBar.addAction(self.copyAction)
        self.mainToolBar.addAction(self.pasteAction)

所有代码如下

# Import required modules
import sys
from PySide6.QtWidgets import *
from PySide6.QtGui import QAction,QIcon,QKeySequence
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    """ Our Main Window Class
    """
    def __init__(self):
        """ Constructor Fucntion
        """
        QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.setWindowTitle("Main Window")
        ...
        self.setGeometry(300, 250, 400, 300)
        self.statusLabel = QLabel('Showing Progress')
        self.progressBar = QProgressBar()
        self.progressBar.setMinimum(0)
        self.progressBar.setMaximum(100)
        ...
    def CreateStatusBar(self):
        """ Function to create Status Bar
        """
        self.myStatusBar = QStatusBar()
        self.progressBar.setValue(10)#新增
        self.myStatusBar.addWidget(self.statusLabel, 1)#新增
        self.myStatusBar.addWidget(self.progressBar, 2)#新增
        self.setStatusBar(self.myStatusBar)
     # Actual menu bar item creation
    def CreateMenus(self):
        """ Function to create actual menu bar
        """
        self.fileMenu = self.menuBar().addMenu("&File")
        self.editMenu = self.menuBar().addMenu("&Edit")
        self.helpMenu = self.menuBar().addMenu("&Help")
    def SetupComponents(self):
        """ Function to setup status bar, central widget, menu bar
        """
        self.myStatusBar = QStatusBar()
        self.setStatusBar(self.myStatusBar)
        self.myStatusBar.showMessage('Ready', 10000)
        self.textEdit = QTextEdit()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.textEdit)
        self.CreateActions()
        self.CreateMenus()
        self.fileMenu.addAction(self.newAction)
        self.fileMenu.addSeparator()
        self.fileMenu.addAction(self.exitAction)
        self.editMenu.addAction(self.copyAction)
        self.fileMenu.addSeparator()
        self.editMenu.addAction(self.pasteAction)
        self.helpMenu.addAction(self.aboutAction)
        self.mainToolBar.addAction(self.newAction)
        self.mainToolBar.addSeparator()
        self.mainToolBar.addAction(self.copyAction)
        self.mainToolBar.addAction(self.pasteAction)
    def CreateToolBar(self):
        """ Function to create tool bar
        """
        self.mainToolBar = self.addToolBar('Main')
    def CreateActions(self):
        """ Function to create actions for menus
        """
        self.newAction = QAction( QIcon('new.png'), '&New',self, shortcut=QKeySequence.New,statusTip="Create a New File",triggered=self.newFile)
        self.exitAction = QAction( QIcon('exit.png'), 'E&xit',self, shortcut="Ctrl+Q",statusTip="Exit the Application",triggered=self.exitFile)
        self.copyAction = QAction( QIcon('copy.png'), 'C&opy',self, shortcut="Ctrl+C",statusTip="Copy",triggered=self.textEdit.copy)
        self.pasteAction = QAction( QIcon('paste.png'), '&Paste',self, shortcut="Ctrl+V",statusTip="Paste",triggered=self.textEdit.paste)
        self.aboutAction = QAction( QIcon('about.png'), 'A&bout',self, statusTip="Displays info about text editor",triggered=self.aboutHelp)
    # Slots called when the menu actions are triggered
    def newFile(self):
        self.textEdit.setText('')
    def exitFile(self):
        self.close()
    
    def aboutHelp(self):
        QMessageBox.about(self, "About Simple Text Editor","This example demonstrates the use ""of Menu Bar")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Exception Handling
    try:
        myApp = QApplication(sys.argv)
        mainWindow = MainWindow()
        mainWindow.CreateToolBar()
        mainWindow.SetupComponents()     
        mainWindow.CreateStatusBar()
        mainWindow.show()
        myApp.exec()
        sys.exit(0)
    except NameError:
        print("Name Error:", sys.exc_info()[1])
    except SystemExit:
        print("Closing Window...")
    except Exception:
        print(sys.exc_info()[1])

效果如下

 懒，就没有设置图标ㄟ( ▔, ▔ )ㄏ

4.布局管理

 绝对定位相对定位；

字面意思，绝对定位通过像素坐标定位，相对则是相对其它部件定位，适应性更强；

 QGridLayout

# Import required modules
import sys
from PySide6.QtWidgets import *
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    """ Our Main Window Class
    """
    def __init__(self):
        """ Constructor Fucntion
        """
        QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.setWindowTitle("Main Window")
        self.setGeometry(300, 250, 400, 300)
        self.wgt = QWidget(self)#博客园:戳人痛处 bili:崩析
        self.setCentralWidget(self.wgt)#博客园:戳人痛处 bili:崩析

    def SetLayout(self):
        gridLayout = QGridLayout(self)
        gButton1 = QPushButton('Button 1', self)
        gButton2 = QPushButton('Button 2', self)
        gButton3 = QPushButton('Button 3', self)
        gButton4 = QPushButton('Button 4', self)
        gButton5 = QPushButton('Button 5', self)
        gridLayout.addWidget(gButton1, 0, 0)
        gridLayout.addWidget(gButton2, 0, 1)
        gridLayout.addWidget(gButton3, 1, 0,1,2)
        gridLayout.addWidget(gButton4, 2, 0)
        gridLayout.addWidget(gButton5, 2, 1)
        self.wgt.setLayout(gridLayout)#博客园:戳人痛处 bili:崩析
        

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Exception Handling
    try:
        myApp = QApplication(sys.argv)
        mainWindow = MainWindow()
        mainWindow.SetLayout()
        mainWindow.show()
        myApp.exec()
        sys.exit(0)
    except NameError:
        print("Name Error:", sys.exc_info()[1])
    except SystemExit:
        print("Closing Window...")
    except Exception:
        print(sys.exc_info()[1])

 QFormLayout

# Import required modules
import sys
from PySide6.QtWidgets import *
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    """ Our Main Window Class
    """
    def __init__(self):
        """ Constructor Fucntion
        """
        QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.setWindowTitle("Main Window")
        self.setGeometry(300, 250, 400, 300)
        self.wgt = QWidget(self)#博客园:戳人痛处 bili:崩析
        self.setCentralWidget(self.wgt)#博客园:戳人痛处 bili:崩析

    def SetLayout(self):
        formLayout = QFormLayout(self)
        labelUsername = QLabel("Username")
        txtUsername = QLineEdit()
        labelPassword = QLabel("Password")
        txtPassword = QLineEdit()
        formLayout.addRow(labelUsername, txtUsername)
        formLayout.addRow(labelPassword, txtPassword)
        self.wgt.setLayout(formLayout)#博客园:戳人痛处 bili:崩析
        

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Exception Handling
    try:
        myApp = QApplication(sys.argv)
        mainWindow = MainWindow()
        mainWindow.SetLayout()
        mainWindow.show()
        myApp.exec()
        sys.exit(0)
    except NameError:
        print("Name Error:", sys.exc_info()[1])
    except SystemExit:
        print("Closing Window...")
    except Exception:
        print(sys.exc_info()[1])

 QHBoxLayout

# Import required modules
import sys
from PySide6.QtWidgets import *
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    """ Our Main Window Class
    """
    def __init__(self):
        """ Constructor Fucntion
        """
        QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.setWindowTitle("Main Window")
        self.setGeometry(300, 250, 400, 300)
        self.wgt = QWidget(self)#博客园:戳人痛处 bili:崩析
        self.setCentralWidget(self.wgt)#博客园:戳人痛处 bili:崩析

    def SetLayout(self):
        """ Function to add buttons and set the layout
        """
        horizontalLayout = QHBoxLayout(self)
        hButton1 = QPushButton('Button 1', self)
        hButton2 = QPushButton('Button 2', self)
        hButton3 = QPushButton('Button 3', self)
        hButton4 = QPushButton('Button 4', self)
        horizontalLayout.addWidget(hButton1)
        horizontalLayout.addWidget(hButton2)
        horizontalLayout.addWidget(hButton3)
        horizontalLayout.addWidget(hButton4)
        
        self.wgt.setLayout(horizontalLayout)#博客园:戳人痛处 bili:崩析
        

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Exception Handling
    try:
        myApp = QApplication(sys.argv)
        mainWindow = MainWindow()
        mainWindow.SetLayout()
        mainWindow.show()
        myApp.exec()
        sys.exit(0)
    except NameError:
        print("Name Error:", sys.exc_info()[1])
    except SystemExit:
        print("Closing Window...")
    except Exception:
        print(sys.exc_info()[1])

 QVBoxLayout

# Import required modules
import sys
from PySide6.QtWidgets import *
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    """ Our Main Window Class
    """
    def __init__(self):
        """ Constructor Fucntion
        """
        QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.setWindowTitle("Main Window")
        self.setGeometry(300, 250, 400, 300)
        self.wgt = QWidget(self)#博客园:戳人痛处 bili:崩析
        self.setCentralWidget(self.wgt)#博客园:戳人痛处 bili:崩析

    def SetLayout(self):
        verticalLayout = QVBoxLayout(self)
        vButton1 = QPushButton('Button 1', self)
        vButton2 = QPushButton('Button 2', self)
        vButton3 = QPushButton('Button 3', self)
        vButton4 = QPushButton('Button 4', self)
        verticalLayout.addWidget(vButton1)
        verticalLayout.addWidget(vButton2)
        verticalLayout.addStretch()
        verticalLayout.addWidget(vButton3)
        verticalLayout.addWidget(vButton4)
        
        self.wgt.setLayout(verticalLayout)#博客园:戳人痛处 bili:崩析
        

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Exception Handling
    try:
        myApp = QApplication(sys.argv)
        mainWindow = MainWindow()
        mainWindow.SetLayout()
        mainWindow.show()
        myApp.exec()
        sys.exit(0)
    except NameError:
        print("Name Error:", sys.exc_info()[1])
    except SystemExit:
        print("Closing Window...")
    except Exception:
        print(sys.exc_info()[1])

 5.一个简单的文本编辑器

# Import required modules
import sys
from PySide6.QtWidgets import *
from PySide6.QtGui import *
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    """ Our Main Window class
    """
    
    def __init__(self, fileName=None):
        """ Constructor Function
        """
        QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.setWindowTitle("A Simple Text Editor")
        self.setWindowIcon(QIcon('appicon.png'))
        self.setGeometry(100, 100, 800, 600)
        self.textEdit = QTextEdit()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.textEdit)
        self.fileName = None
        self.filters = "Text files (*.txt)"
    def SetupComponents(self):
        """ Function to setup status bar, central widget, menu 
        bar, tool bar
        """
        self.myStatusBar = QStatusBar()
        self.setStatusBar(self.myStatusBar)
        self.myStatusBar.showMessage('Ready', 10000)
        #博客园:戳人痛处 bili:崩析
        self.CreateActions()
        self.CreateMenus()
        self.CreateToolBar()
        self.fileMenu.addAction(self.newAction)
        self.fileMenu.addAction(self.openAction)
        self.fileMenu.addAction(self.saveAction) 
        self.fileMenu.addSeparator()
        self.fileMenu.addAction(self.exitAction)
        self.editMenu.addAction(self.cutAction)
        self.editMenu.addAction(self.copyAction)
        self.editMenu.addAction(self.pasteAction)
        self.editMenu.addSeparator()
        self.editMenu.addAction(self.undoAction)
        self.editMenu.addAction(self.redoAction)
        self.editMenu.addSeparator()
        self.editMenu.addAction(self.selectAllAction)
        self.formatMenu.addAction(self.fontAction)
        self.helpMenu.addAction(self.aboutAction)
        self.helpMenu.addSeparator()
        self.helpMenu.addAction(self.aboutQtAction)
        self.mainToolBar.addAction(self.newAction)
        self.mainToolBar.addAction(self.openAction)
        self.mainToolBar.addAction(self.saveAction)
        self.mainToolBar.addSeparator()
        self.mainToolBar.addAction(self.cutAction)
        self.mainToolBar.addAction(self.copyAction)
        self.mainToolBar.addAction(self.pasteAction)
        self.mainToolBar.addSeparator()
        self.mainToolBar.addAction(self.undoAction)
        self.mainToolBar.addAction(self.redoAction)
        # Slots called when the menu actions are triggered
    def newFile(self):
        self.textEdit.setText('')
        self.fileName = None
    def openFile(self):
        self.fileName, self.filterName = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self)
        self.textEdit.setText(open(self.fileName).read())
    def saveFile(self):#博客园:戳人痛处 bili:崩析
        if self.fileName == None or self.fileName == '':
            self.fileName, self.filterName = QFileDialog.getSaveFileName(self, filter=self.filters)
        if(self.fileName != ''):
            file = open(self.fileName, 'w') 
            file.write(self.textEdit.toPlainText())
            self.statusBar().showMessage("File saved", 2000)
    def exitFile(self):
        self.close()
    def fontChange(self):
        (font, ok) = QFontDialog.getFont(QFont("Helvetica [Cronyx]", 10), self)
        if ok:
            self.textEdit.setCurrentFont(font)
    def aboutHelp(self):
        QMessageBox.about(self, "About Simple Text Editor","A Simple Text Editor where you can edit and save files")
    def CreateActions(self):
        """ Function to create actions for menus
        """#博客园:戳人痛处 bili:崩析
        self.newAction = QAction( QIcon('new.png'), '&New',self, shortcut=QKeySequence.New,statusTip="Create a New File",triggered=self.newFile)
        self.openAction = QAction( QIcon('open.png'), 'O&pen',self, shortcut=QKeySequence.Open,statusTip="Open an existing file",triggered=self.openFile)
        self.saveAction = QAction( QIcon('save.png'), '&Save',self, shortcut=QKeySequence.Save,statusTip="Save the current file to disk",triggered=self.saveFile)
        self.exitAction = QAction( QIcon('exit.png'), 'E&xit',self, shortcut="Ctrl+Q",statusTip="Exit the Application",triggered=self.exitFile)
        self.cutAction = QAction( QIcon('cut.png'), 'C&ut',self, shortcut=QKeySequence.Cut,statusTip="Cut the current selection to clipboard",triggered=self.textEdit.cut)
        self.copyAction = QAction( QIcon('copy.png'), 'C&opy',self, shortcut=QKeySequence.Copy,statusTip="Copy the current selection to clipboard",triggered=self.textEdit.copy)
        self.pasteAction = QAction( QIcon('paste.png'), '&Paste',self, shortcut=QKeySequence.Paste,statusTip="Paste the clipboard's content in current location",triggered=self.textEdit.paste)
        self.selectAllAction = QAction( QIcon('selectAll.png'), 'Select All',self, statusTip="Select All",triggered=self.textEdit.selectAll)
        self.redoAction = QAction( QIcon('redo.png'),'Redo', self,shortcut=QKeySequence.Redo,statusTip="Redo previous action",triggered=self.textEdit.redo)
        self.undoAction = QAction( QIcon('undo.png'),'Undo', self,shortcut=QKeySequence.Undo,statusTip="Undo previous action",triggered=self.textEdit.undo)
        self.fontAction = QAction( 'F&ont', self,statusTip = "Modify font properties",triggered = self.fontChange)
        self.aboutAction = QAction( QIcon('about.png'), 'A&bout',self, statusTip="Displays info about text editor",triggered=self.aboutHelp)
        self.aboutQtAction = QAction("About &Qt", self,statusTip="Show the Qt library's About box",triggered=qApp.aboutQt)
    def CreateMenus(self):
        self.fileMenu = self.menuBar().addMenu("&File")
        self.editMenu = self.menuBar().addMenu("&Edit")
        self.formatMenu = self.menuBar().addMenu("F&ormat")
        self.helpMenu = self.menuBar().addMenu("&Help")
    def CreateToolBar(self):
        self.mainToolBar = self.addToolBar('Main')
    
    
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Exception Handling
    try:#博客园:戳人痛处 bili:崩析
        myApp = QApplication(sys.argv)
        mainWindow = MainWindow()
        mainWindow.SetupComponents()
        mainWindow.show()
        myApp.exec()
        sys.exit(0)
    except NameError:
        print("Name Error:", sys.exc_info()[1])
    except SystemExit:
        print("Closing Window...")
    except Exception:
        print(sys.exc_info()[1])

 为啥没图标？  因为懒得设置ㄟ( ▔, ▔ )ㄏ

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