asp.net core模块学习

2，JWT认证

jwt验证网站： https://jwt.io/

namespace JwtAuthenticate.Models
{
    public class JwtSettings
    {
        //token是谁颁发的
        public string Issure{get;set;}
        //可以给那些客户端使用
        public string Audience{get;set;}
        //需要加密的Secretkey
        public string Secretkey{get;set;}
    }
}

{
  "Logging": {
    "IncludeScopes": false,
    "Debug": {
      "LogLevel": {
        "Default": "Warning"
      }
    },
    "Console": {
      "LogLevel": {
        "Default": "Warning"
      }
    }
  },
  "JwtSettings":{
    "Audience":"http://localhost:5000",
    "Issure":"http://localhost:5000",
    "SecretKey":"11111111111111111"
  }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using JwtAuthenticate.Models;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer;
using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens;
using System.Text;

namespace JwtAuthenticate
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            //将配置文件jwtSettings注册进来
            //public AuthorizeController(IOptions jwtSettings)会使用到
            services.Configure(Configuration.GetSection("jwtSettings"));

            var jwtSettings=new JwtSettings();
            Configuration.Bind("JwtSettings",jwtSettings);
            
            services.AddAuthentication(options=>{//配置Authentication
                options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme=JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                options.DefaultChallengeScheme=JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
            })
            .AddJwtBearer(options=>{//配置JwtBearer
                options.TokenValidationParameters=new TokenValidationParameters{
                    ValidIssuer=jwtSettings.Issure,
                    ValidAudience=jwtSettings.Audience,
                    IssuerSigningKey=new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jwtSettings.Secretkey))
                };
            });

            services.AddMvc();
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }

            app.UseAuthentication();
            app.UseMvc();
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
using JwtAuthenticate.Models;
using System.Security.Claims;
using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt;

namespace JwtAuthenticate.Controllers
{

    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    public class AuthorizeController:Controller
    {
        private JwtSettings _jwtSettings;
        public AuthorizeController(IOptions jwtSettings)
        {
            _jwtSettings=jwtSettings.Value;
        }

        [HttpGet]
        public string A()
        {
            return "a";
        }

        [HttpPost]
        public IActionResult Token([FromBody]LoginViewModel model)
        {
            if(!ModelState.IsValid)return BadRequest();
            if(!(model.UserName=="hunter"&&model.Password=="123456"))return BadRequest();
            
            var claims=new Claim[]{
                new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name,"hunter"),
                new Claim(ClaimTypes.Role,"admin")
            };

            var key=new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(_jwtSettings.Secretkey));
            var creds=new SigningCredentials(key,SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256);
            var token=new JwtSecurityToken(
                _jwtSettings.Issure
                ,_jwtSettings.Audience
                ,claims,DateTime.Now,DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(30)
                ,creds);
            return Ok(new {token=new JwtSecurityTokenHandler().WriteToken(token)});
        }
        
    }
}

3，基于Claim的Jwt认证

①加上authorize标签

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;

namespace JwtAuthenticate.Controllers
{

    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    public class ValuesController : Controller
    {
    
        [Authorize(Policy="values.Get")]
        
        // GET api/values
        [HttpGet] 
        public IEnumerable<string> Get()
        {
            return new string[] { "value1", "value2" };
        }

         [Authorize(Policy="values.Get")]
        // GET api/values/5
        [HttpGet("{id}")]
        public string Get(int id)
        {
            return "value";
        }

        [Authorize(Policy="values.Post")]
        // POST api/values
        [HttpPost]
        public void Post([FromBody]string value)
        {
        }

        [Authorize(Policy="values.Put")]
        // PUT api/values/5
        [HttpPut("{id}")]
        public void Put(int id, [FromBody]string value)
        {
        }

        [Authorize(Policy="values.Delete")]
        // DELETE api/values/5
        [HttpDelete("{id}")]
        public void Delete(int id)
        {
        }
    }
}

②设置Policy

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using JwtAuthenticate.Models;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer;
using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens;
using System.Text;

namespace JwtAuthenticate
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            //将配置文件jwtSettings注册进来
            //public AuthorizeController(IOptions jwtSettings)会使用到
            services.Configure(Configuration.GetSection("jwtSettings"));

            var jwtSettings=new JwtSettings();
            Configuration.Bind("JwtSettings",jwtSettings);
            
            services.AddAuthentication(options=>{//配置Authentication
                options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme=JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                options.DefaultChallengeScheme=JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
            })
            .AddJwtBearer(options=>{//配置JwtBearer
                options.TokenValidationParameters=new TokenValidationParameters{
                    ValidIssuer=jwtSettings.Issure,
                    ValidAudience=jwtSettings.Audience,
                    IssuerSigningKey=new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jwtSettings.Secretkey))
                };
            });

            //设置policy
            services.AddAuthorization(option=>{
                option.AddPolicy("values.Get",policy=>{policy.RequireClaim("values.Get");});
                option.AddPolicy("values.Post",policy=>{policy.RequireClaim("values.Post");});
                option.AddPolicy("values.Delete",policy=>{policy.RequireClaim("values.Delete");});
                option.AddPolicy("values.Put",policy=>{policy.RequireClaim("values.Put");});
            });

            services.AddMvc();
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }

            app.UseAuthentication();
            app.UseMvc();
        }
    }
}

③授权

只能访问values.Get和values.Put了

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
using JwtAuthenticate.Models;
using System.Security.Claims;
using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt;

namespace JwtAuthenticate.Controllers
{

    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    public class AuthorizeController:Controller
    {
        private JwtSettings _jwtSettings;
        public AuthorizeController(IOptions jwtSettings)
        {
            _jwtSettings=jwtSettings.Value;
        }

        [HttpGet]
        public string A()
        {
            return "a";
        }

        [HttpPost]
        public IActionResult Token([FromBody]LoginViewModel model)
        {
            if(!ModelState.IsValid)return BadRequest();
            if(!(model.UserName=="hunter"&&model.Password=="123456"))return BadRequest();
            
            var claims=new Claim[]{
                new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name,"hunter"),
                new Claim("values.Get","true"),
                new Claim("values.Put","true")
            };

            var key=new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(_jwtSettings.Secretkey));
            var creds=new SigningCredentials(key,SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256);
            var token=new JwtSecurityToken(
                _jwtSettings.Issure
                ,_jwtSettings.Audience
                ,claims,DateTime.Now,DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(30)
                ,creds);
            return Ok(new {token=new JwtSecurityTokenHandler().WriteToken(token)});
        }
        
    }
}

案例下载：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1NKJNVMIHeVdPFcua_eH1sQ 

https://pan.baidu.com/s/1y1B3Vnudkke71eIuPQ937A