18，nginx proxy_pass 规则
location /ios/ { #这种情况，这里一定要匹配的是/ios/，不能是/ios
proxy_pass http://192.168.1.102:8090; #一定要保证192.168.1.102机器8090端口站点目录下有ios目录！否则访问会报错404！
proxy_redirect off ;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
1）
配置proxy_pass时，当在后面的url加上了/，相当于是绝对根路径，则nginx不会把location中匹配的路径部分代理走;
如果没有/，则会把匹配的路径部分也给代理走.
2) nginx配置
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
[root@localhost conf.d]# cat test.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /var/www/html;
index index.html;
}
}
[root@localhost conf.d]# cat /var/www/html/index.html
this is page of test!!!!
3）启动Nginx
[root@localhost ~]# service nginx start //或者使用 systemctl start nginx.service
4）测试访问（103.110.186.23是192.168.1.23机器的外网ip）
[root@localhost conf.d]# curl http://192.168.1.23
this is page of test!!!!
5) 为了方便测试，先在另一台机器192.168.1.5上部署一个8090端口的nginx，配置如下：
[root@bastion-IDC ~]# cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/haha.conf
server {
listen 8090;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /var/www/html;
index index.html;
}
}
[root@bastion-IDC ~]# cat /var/www/html/index.html
this is 192.168.1.5
[root@bastion-IDC ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
测试访问（103.110.186.5是192.168.1.5的外网ip）：
[root@bastion-IDC ~]# curl http://192.168.1.5:8090
this is 192.168.1.5
6)192.168.1.23作为nginx反向代理机器，nginx配置如下：
1）第一种情况：
[root@localhost conf.d]# cat test.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /var/www/html;
index index.html;
}
location /proxy/ {
proxy_pass http://192.168.1.5:8090/;
}
}
访问http://192.168.1.23/proxy/就会被代理到http://192.168.1.5:8090/。p匹配的proxy目录不需要存在根目录/var/www/html里面
注意，终端里如果访问http://192.168.1.23/proxy（即后面不带"/"），则会访问失败！因为proxy_pass配置的url后面加了"/"
[root@localhost conf.d]# curl http://192.168.1.23/proxy/
this is 192.168.1.5
[root@localhost conf.d]# curl http://192.168.1.23/proxy
<head>301 Moved Permanently<</code><code class="bash plain">/title</code><code class="bash plain">><</code><code class="bash plain">/head</code><code class="bash plain">></code>
<code class="bash plain"><body bgcolor=</code><code class="bash string">"white"</code><code class="bash plain">></code>
<code class="bash plain"><center><h1>301 Moved Permanently<</code><code class="bash plain">/h1</code><code class="bash plain">><</code><code class="bash plain">/center</code><code class="bash plain">></code>
<code class="bash plain"><hr><center>nginx</code><code class="bash plain">/1</code><code class="bash plain">.10.3<</code><code class="bash plain">/center</code><code class="bash plain">></code>
<code class="bash plain"><</code><code class="bash plain">/body</code><code class="bash plain">></code>
<code class="bash plain"><</code><code class="bash plain">/html</code><code class="bash plain">></code>
<span data-mce-=""> 页面访问http://103.110.186.23/proxy的时候，会自动加上"/”（同理是由于proxy_pass配置的url后面加了"/"），并反代到http://103.110.186.5:8090的结果</span>
<span data-mce-=""><span data-mce-=""></span></span>
<p><span data-mce-="">7）第二种情况，proxy_pass配置的url后面不加"/"</span></p>
<p><span data-mce-=""><code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># cat test.conf</code></span></p>
<code class="bash plain">server {</code>
<code class="bash plain">listen 80;</code>
<code class="bash plain">server_name localhost;</code>
<code class="bash plain">location / {</code>
<code class="bash plain">root </code><code class="bash plain">/var/www/html</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">index index.html;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">location </code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/</code> <code class="bash plain">{</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">proxy_pass http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># service nginx restart</code>
<code class="bash plain">Redirecting to </code><code class="bash plain">/bin/systemctl</code> <code class="bash plain">restart nginx.service</code>
<code class="bash plain">那么访问http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.23</code><code class="bash plain">/proxy</code><code class="bash plain">或http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.23</code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/</code><code class="bash plain">，都会失败！</code>
<code class="bash plain">这样配置后，访问http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.23</code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/</code><code class="bash plain">就会被反向代理到http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090</code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/</code>
<span data-mce-=""><span data-mce-="">8）第三种情况</span></span>
<p> <code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># cat test.conf</code></p>
<code class="bash plain">server {</code>
<code class="bash plain">listen 80;</code>
<code class="bash plain">server_name localhost;</code>
<code class="bash plain">location / {</code>
<code class="bash plain">root </code><code class="bash plain">/var/www/html</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">index index.html;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">location </code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/</code> <code class="bash plain">{</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">proxy_pass http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090</code><code class="bash plain">/haha/</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># service nginx restart</code>
<code class="bash plain">Redirecting to </code><code class="bash plain">/bin/systemctl</code> <code class="bash plain">restart nginx.service</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># curl http://192.168.1.23/proxy/</code>
<code class="bash plain">192.168.1.5 haha-index.html</code>
这样配置的话，访问http://103.110.186.23/proxy代理到http://192.168.1.5:8090/haha/
<p><span data-mce-="">9)第四种情况：相对于第三种配置的url不加"/"</span></p>
<p><span data-mce-=""><code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># cat test.conf</code></span></p>
<code class="bash plain">server {</code>
<code class="bash plain">listen 80;</code>
<code class="bash plain">server_name localhost;</code>
<code class="bash plain">location / {</code>
<code class="bash plain">root </code><code class="bash plain">/var/www/html</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">index index.html;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">location </code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/</code> <code class="bash plain">{</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">proxy_pass http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090</code><code class="bash plain">/haha</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># service nginx restart</code>
<code class="bash plain">Redirecting to </code><code class="bash plain">/bin/systemctl</code> <code class="bash plain">restart nginx.service</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># curl http://192.168.1.23/proxy/index.html</code>
<code class="bash plain">192.168.1.5 hahaindex.html</code>
<code class="bash plain">上面配置后，访问http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.23</code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/index</code><code class="bash plain">.html就会被代理到http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090</code><code class="bash plain">/hahaindex</code><code class="bash plain">.html</code>
<code class="bash plain">同理，访问http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.23</code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/test</code><code class="bash plain">.html就会被代理到http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090</code><code class="bash plain">/hahatest</code><code class="bash plain">.html</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># curl http://192.168.1.23/proxy/index.html</code>
<code class="bash plain">192.168.1.5 hahaindex.html</code>
<span data-mce-="">注意，这种情况下，不能直接访问http:<code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.23</code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/</code><code class="bash plain">，后面就算是默认的index.html文件也要跟上，否则访问失败！</code></span>
<p><span data-mce-=""><strong>上面四种方式都是匹配的path路径后面加"/"，下面说下path路径后面不带"/"的情况：</strong></span></p>
<p><span data-mce-=""><strong>1）第一种情况，proxy_pass后面url带"/"：</strong></span></p>
<p><span data-mce-=""><strong><code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># cat test.conf</code></strong></span></p>
<code class="bash plain">server {</code>
<code class="bash plain">listen 80;</code>
<code class="bash plain">server_name localhost;</code>
<code class="bash plain">location / {</code>
<code class="bash plain">root </code><code class="bash plain">/var/www/html</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">index index.html;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
<code class="bash plain">location </code><code class="bash plain">/proxy</code> <code class="bash plain">{</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">proxy_pass http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090/;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># service nginx restart</code>
<code class="bash plain">Redirecting to </code><code class="bash plain">/bin/systemctl</code> <code class="bash plain">restart nginx.service</code>
<p>2）第二种情况，proxy_pass后面url不带"/"</p>
<p><code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># cat test.conf</code></p>
<code class="bash plain">server {</code>
<code class="bash plain">listen 80;</code>
<code class="bash plain">server_name localhost;</code>
<code class="bash plain">location / {</code>
<code class="bash plain">root </code><code class="bash plain">/var/www/html</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">index index.html;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
<code class="bash plain">location </code><code class="bash plain">/proxy</code> <code class="bash plain">{</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">proxy_pass http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># service nginx restart</code>
<code class="bash plain">Redirecting to </code><code class="bash plain">/bin/systemctl</code> <code class="bash plain">restart nginx.service</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments">#</code>
这样配置的话，访问http://103.110.186.23/proxy会自动加上"/”（即变成http://103.110.186.23/proxy/），代理到192.168.1.5:8090/proxy/
<p>3）第三种情况</p>
<p><code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># cat test.conf</code></p>
<code class="bash plain">server {</code>
<code class="bash plain">listen 80;</code>
<code class="bash plain">server_name localhost;</code>
<code class="bash plain">location / {</code>
<code class="bash plain">root </code><code class="bash plain">/var/www/html</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">index index.html;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
<code class="bash plain">location </code><code class="bash plain">/proxy</code> <code class="bash plain">{</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">proxy_pass http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090</code><code class="bash plain">/haha/</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># service nginx restart</code>
<code class="bash plain">Redirecting to </code><code class="bash plain">/bin/systemctl</code> <code class="bash plain">restart nginx.service</code>
这样配置的话，访问http://103.110.186.23/proxy会自动加上"/”（即变成http://103.110.186.23/proxy/），代理到http://192.168.1.5:8090/haha/
<span data-mce-=""><span data-mce-="">4）第四种情况：相对于第三种配置的url不加"/"</span></span>
<p><code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># cat test.conf</code></p>
<code class="bash plain">server {</code>
<code class="bash plain">listen 80;</code>
<code class="bash plain">server_name localhost;</code>
<code class="bash plain">location / {</code>
<code class="bash plain">root </code><code class="bash plain">/var/www/html</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">index index.html;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
<code class="bash plain">location </code><code class="bash plain">/proxy</code> <code class="bash plain">{</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">proxy_pass http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090</code><code class="bash plain">/haha</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># service nginx restart</code>
<code class="bash plain">Redirecting to </code><code class="bash plain">/bin/systemctl</code> <code class="bash plain">restart nginx.service</code>
这样配置的话，访问http://103.110.186.23/proxy，和第三种结果一样，同样被代理到http://192.168.1.5:8090/haha/
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