一对一、一对多、多对多
一对一
我们以用户表 user 和订单表 orders 为例。设定一个订单只能由一个 用户创建,那么由订单到用户就是一对一的关系。
①、创建用户表 user 和订单表 order
用户表 user
② 订单表order
②、创建项目工程,导入相应的 jar 包
UTF-8
org.mybatis
mybatis
3.4.5
mysql
mysql-connector-java
5.1.49
org.apache.logging.log4j
log4j-api
2.7
org.apache.logging.log4j
log4j-core
2.7
junit
junit
4.11
test
org.apache.maven.plugins
maven-compiler-plugin
2.5
1.8
1.8
UTF-8
src/main/resources
**/.svn/*
src/main/java
**/.svn/*
**/*.xml
③ 创建实体类
User:
public class User {
//用户ID
private int id;
//用户姓名
private String username;
//用户性别
private String sex;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", sex=" + sex
+ "]";
}
}
Order:
public class Order {
//订单ID
private int id;
//用户ID
private int userId;
//订单数量
private String number;
//和用户表构成一对一的关系,即一个订单只能由一个用户创建
private User user;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = -id;
}
public int getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(int userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public String getNumber() {
return number;
}
public void setNumber(String number) {
this.number = number;
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Orders [id=" + id + ", userId=" + userId + ", number=" + number
+ ", user=" + user + "]";
}
}
④、创建 OrderMapper 接口和 OrderMapper.xml 文件
由于我们采用 Mapper 代理加载 xxxMapper.xml 文件,这里我们重复一下 Mapper 代理所需的条件,接口和xml文件必须满足以下几个条件:
- 接口必须要和 xml 文件同名且在同一个包下,也就是说 xml 文件中的namespace是接口的全类名
- 接口中的方法名和xml 文件中定义的 id 一致
- 接口输入参数类型要和xml 中定义的 parameterType 一致
- 接口返回数据类型要和xml 中定义的 resultType 一致
OrderMapper 接口:
public interface OrderMapper {
/**
* 方式一:嵌套结果
* select * from order o,user u where o.user_id=u.id and o.id=#{id}
*
* @param orderId
* @return
*/
//根据订单ID查询订单和用户信息
Order selectOrderAndUserByOrderID(int orderId);
/**
* 方式二:嵌套查询
* select * from order WHERE id=1; //得到user_id
* select * from user WHERE id=1 //1 是上一个查询得到的user_id的值
*
* @return
*/
//根据订单ID得到订单信息(包含user_id)
Order getOrderByOrderId(int orderId);
//根据用户ID查询用户信息
User getUserByUserId(int userId);
}
OrderMapper.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
⑤、向 mybatis-configuration.xml 配置文件中注册 OrderMapper.xml 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
⑥ 测试
public class OneToOneTest {
//定义 SqlSession
SqlSession session = null;
@Before
public void init() {
//定义mybatis全局配置文件
String resource = "mybatis-configuration.xml";
//加载 mybatis 全局配置文件
InputStream inputStream = OneToOneTest.class.getClassLoader()
.getResourceAsStream(resource);
//构建sqlSession的工厂
SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
//根据 sqlSessionFactory 产生 session
session = sessionFactory.openSession();
}
/**
* 方式一:嵌套结果
* select * from orders o,user u where o.user_id=u.id and o.id=#{id}
*/
@Test
public void testSelectOrderAndUserByOrderId() {
//String statement = "com.harvey.one.to.one.mapper.OrderMapper.selectOrderAndUserByOrderID";
//创建OrdersMapper对象,mybatis自动生成mapper代理对象
OrderMapper orderMapper = session.getMapper(OrderMapper.class);
Order order = orderMapper.selectOrderAndUserByOrderID(1);
System.out.println(order);
session.close();
}
/**
* 方式二:嵌套查询
* select * from order WHERE id=1;//得到user_id
* select * from user WHERE id=1 //1 是上一个查询得到的user_id的值
*/
@Test
public void testGetOrderByOrderId() {
//String statement = "com.harvey.one.to.one.mapper.OrderMapper.getOrderByOrderId";
//创建OrderMapper对象,mybatis自动生成mapper代理对象
OrderMapper orderMapper = session.getMapper(OrderMapper.class);
Order order = orderMapper.selectOrderAndUserByOrderID(1);
System.out.println(order);
session.close();
}
}
一对多
还是以用户表 user 和 订单表 orders 为例,一个用户能创建多个订单。故用户和订单构成一对多的关联。
我们在 user.java 中添加一个属性 public List
①、创建实体类
user.java如下,order.java保持不变
public class User {
//用户ID
private int id;
//用户姓名
private String username;
//用户性别
private String sex;
//一个用户能创建多个订单,用户和订单构成一对多的关系
public List orders;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public List getOrders() {
return orders;
}
public void setOrders(List orders) {
this.orders = orders;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", sex=" + sex
+ "]";
}
}
②、创建 UserMapper 接口和 UserMapper.xml 文件
UserMapper接口:
public interface UserMapper {
//根据用户id查询用户信息,以及用户下面的所有订单信息
User selectUserAndOrdersByUserId(int UserId);
}
UserMapper.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
③、向 mybatis-configuration.xml 配置文件中注册 UserMapper.xml 文件
④、测试
@Test
public void testSelectOrderAndUserByOrderId(){
//String statement = "com.harvey.one.to.many.mapper.UserMapper.selectUserAndOrdersByUserId";
//创建OrdersMapper对象,mybatis自动生成mapper代理对象
UserMapper userMapper = session.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
User user = userMapper.selectUserAndOrdersByUserId(1);
System.out.println(user.getOrders().size());
session.close();
}
多对多
这里我们以用户 user 表和 角色role 表为例,假定一个用户能被分配成多重角色,而一种角色也能分给多个用户,故用户和角色构成多对多的关系。
需求:给定角色id,查询这个角色所属的所有用户信息
①、在数据库中建立相应的表
user 表和上面的保持不变
role 表
两者之间的关联表user_role
②、建立对应的实体类
Role:
public class Role {
private int id;
private String name;
private List users;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public List getUsers() {
return users;
}
public void setUsers(List users) {
this.users = users;
}
}
User:
添加属性
//一个用户能被分配多种角色
public List roles;
UserRole:
public class UserRole {
private User user;
private Role role;
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public Role getRole() {
return role;
}
public void setRole(Role role) {
this.role = role;
}
}
③、创建 UserMapper 接口和 UserMapper.xml 文件
UserMapper 接口
public interface UserMapper {
//给定一个角色id,要得到具有这个角色的所有用户信息
List getUserByRoleId(int roleId);
}
UserMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
④、向 mybatis-configuration.xml 配置文件中注册 UserMapper.xml 文件
⑤ 测试
@Test
public void testGetUserByRoleId(){
//String statement = "com.harvey.many.to.many.UserMapper.getUserByRoleId";
//创建OrdersMapper对象,mybatis自动生成mapepr代理对象
UserMapper userMapper = session.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List users = userMapper.getUserByRoleId(1);
System.out.println(users);
session.close();
}
多对多主要是关联关系要找好,然后根据关联去查询。
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