一对一、一对多、多对多


一对一

我们以用户表 user 和订单表 orders 为例。设定一个订单只能由一个 用户创建,那么由订单到用户就是一对一的关系。

①、创建用户表 user 和订单表 order

用户表 user

② 订单表order

②、创建项目工程,导入相应的 jar 包


	UTF-8




	
		org.mybatis
		mybatis
		3.4.5
	

	
		mysql
		mysql-connector-java
		5.1.49
	

	
	
		org.apache.logging.log4j
		log4j-api
		2.7
	

	
		org.apache.logging.log4j
		log4j-core
		2.7
	

	
		junit
		junit
		4.11
		test
	




	
		
			
				org.apache.maven.plugins
				maven-compiler-plugin
				2.5
				
					1.8
					1.8
					UTF-8
				
			
		
	

	
		
			src/main/resources
			
				**/.svn/*
			
		
		
			src/main/java
			
				**/.svn/*
			
			
				**/*.xml
			
		
	

③ 创建实体类

User:

public class User {
    //用户ID
    private int id;
    //用户姓名
    private String username;
    //用户性别
    private String sex;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", sex=" + sex
                + "]";
    }
}

Order:

public class Order {
    //订单ID
    private int id;
    //用户ID
    private int userId;
    //订单数量
    private String number;
    //和用户表构成一对一的关系,即一个订单只能由一个用户创建
    private User user;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = -id;
    }

    public int getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }

    public void setUserId(int userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }

    public String getNumber() {
        return number;
    }

    public void setNumber(String number) {
        this.number = number;
    }

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Orders [id=" + id + ", userId=" + userId + ", number=" + number
                + ", user=" + user + "]";
    }

}

④、创建 OrderMapper 接口和 OrderMapper.xml 文件 

由于我们采用 Mapper 代理加载 xxxMapper.xml 文件,这里我们重复一下 Mapper 代理所需的条件,接口和xml文件必须满足以下几个条件:

  1. 接口必须要和 xml 文件同名且在同一个包下,也就是说 xml 文件中的namespace是接口的全类名  
  2. 接口中的方法名和xml 文件中定义的 id 一致
  3. 接口输入参数类型要和xml 中定义的 parameterType 一致
  4. 接口返回数据类型要和xml 中定义的 resultType 一致

OrderMapper 接口:

public interface OrderMapper {
    /**
     * 方式一:嵌套结果
     * select * from order o,user u where o.user_id=u.id and o.id=#{id}
     *
     * @param orderId
     * @return
     */
    //根据订单ID查询订单和用户信息
    Order selectOrderAndUserByOrderID(int orderId);

    /**
     * 方式二:嵌套查询
     * select * from order WHERE id=1; //得到user_id
     * select * from user WHERE id=1   //1 是上一个查询得到的user_id的值
     *
     * @return
     */

    //根据订单ID得到订单信息(包含user_id)
    Order getOrderByOrderId(int orderId);

    //根据用户ID查询用户信息
    User getUserByUserId(int userId);
}

OrderMapper.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>


    
    
    
        
        
        
        
        
        
            
            
            
            
        
    


    
    

    
        
        
        

        
    

    

⑤、向 mybatis-configuration.xml 配置文件中注册 OrderMapper.xml 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>


    
    
    
    
        
        
    
    
        
            
            
            
                
                
                
                
            
        
    

    
        
        
    

⑥ 测试

public class OneToOneTest {
    //定义 SqlSession
    SqlSession session = null;

    @Before
    public void init() {
        //定义mybatis全局配置文件
        String resource = "mybatis-configuration.xml";
        //加载 mybatis 全局配置文件
        InputStream inputStream = OneToOneTest.class.getClassLoader()
                .getResourceAsStream(resource);
        //构建sqlSession的工厂
        SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        //根据 sqlSessionFactory 产生 session
        session = sessionFactory.openSession();
    }

    /**
     * 方式一:嵌套结果
     * select * from orders o,user u where o.user_id=u.id and o.id=#{id}
     */
    @Test
    public void testSelectOrderAndUserByOrderId() {
        //String statement = "com.harvey.one.to.one.mapper.OrderMapper.selectOrderAndUserByOrderID";
        //创建OrdersMapper对象,mybatis自动生成mapper代理对象
        OrderMapper orderMapper = session.getMapper(OrderMapper.class);
        Order order = orderMapper.selectOrderAndUserByOrderID(1);
        System.out.println(order);
        session.close();
    }

    /**
     * 方式二:嵌套查询
     * select * from order WHERE id=1;//得到user_id
     * select * from user WHERE id=1   //1 是上一个查询得到的user_id的值
     */
    @Test
    public void testGetOrderByOrderId() {
        //String statement = "com.harvey.one.to.one.mapper.OrderMapper.getOrderByOrderId";
        //创建OrderMapper对象,mybatis自动生成mapper代理对象
        OrderMapper orderMapper = session.getMapper(OrderMapper.class);
        Order order = orderMapper.selectOrderAndUserByOrderID(1);
        System.out.println(order);
        session.close();
    }
}

一对多 

还是以用户表 user 和 订单表 orders 为例,一个用户能创建多个订单。故用户和订单构成一对多的关联。

我们在 user.java 中添加一个属性 public List orders;

①、创建实体类

user.java如下,order.java保持不变

public class User {
    //用户ID
    private int id;
    //用户姓名
    private String username;
    //用户性别
    private String sex;
    //一个用户能创建多个订单,用户和订单构成一对多的关系
    public List orders;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public List getOrders() {
        return orders;
    }

    public void setOrders(List orders) {
        this.orders = orders;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", sex=" + sex
                + "]";
    }
}

②、创建 UserMapper 接口和 UserMapper.xml 文件

UserMapper接口:

public interface UserMapper {

    //根据用户id查询用户信息,以及用户下面的所有订单信息
    User selectUserAndOrdersByUserId(int UserId);
}

UserMapper.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>


    
    
    
        
        
        
        
        
        
            
            
        
    

向 mybatis-configuration.xml 配置文件中注册 UserMapper.xml 文件 

④、测试

@Test
public void testSelectOrderAndUserByOrderId(){
	//String statement = "com.harvey.one.to.many.mapper.UserMapper.selectUserAndOrdersByUserId";
	//创建OrdersMapper对象,mybatis自动生成mapper代理对象
	UserMapper userMapper = session.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
	User user = userMapper.selectUserAndOrdersByUserId(1);
	System.out.println(user.getOrders().size());
	session.close();
}

多对多

这里我们以用户 user 表和 角色role 表为例,假定一个用户能被分配成多重角色,而一种角色也能分给多个用户,故用户和角色构成多对多的关系。

需求:给定角色id,查询这个角色所属的所有用户信息

①、在数据库中建立相应的表

user 表和上面的保持不变

role 表

两者之间的关联表user_role 

②、建立对应的实体类

Role:

public class Role {
    private int id;
    private String name;
     
    private List users;
 
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public List getUsers() {
        return users;
    }
 
    public void setUsers(List users) {
        this.users = users;
    }
 
}

User:

添加属性

//一个用户能被分配多种角色
public List roles;

UserRole:

public class UserRole {
    
    private User user;
    private Role role;

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    public Role getRole() {
        return role;
    }

    public void setRole(Role role) {
        this.role = role;
    }
}

 ③、创建 UserMapper 接口和 UserMapper.xml 文件

UserMapper 接口

public interface UserMapper {
     
    //给定一个角色id,要得到具有这个角色的所有用户信息
    List getUserByRoleId(int roleId);
 
}

UserMapper.xml  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>



    

    
        
        
        
    

④、向 mybatis-configuration.xml 配置文件中注册 UserMapper.xml 文件 


	
	

⑤ 测试

@Test
public void testGetUserByRoleId(){
	//String statement = "com.harvey.many.to.many.UserMapper.getUserByRoleId";
	//创建OrdersMapper对象,mybatis自动生成mapepr代理对象
	UserMapper userMapper = session.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
	List users = userMapper.getUserByRoleId(1);
	System.out.println(users);
	session.close();
}

多对多主要是关联关系要找好,然后根据关联去查询。

吃水不忘挖井人: