Ansible基础 - 07playbook
Ansible基础 - 07playbook
一、概述
Playbook， 类似于saltstack的state状态文件。
ad-hoc无法持久使用，playbook可以持久使用。
playbook由一个或多个play组成的列表，play的主要功能： 将事先归并为一组的主机 装扮成 事先通过ansible中的task定义好的角色。
将多个play组织在一个playbook中， 可以让它们联合起来 按事先编排的机制完成某一任务。
Playbook是通过yml语法进行编排的。
### 结构：
- hosts: web
vars:
hello: Ansible
tasks:
- name: Configure Yum Repo
yum_repository:
name: nginx
description: nginx repo
baseurl: http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck: yes
enabled: yes
- name: Install Nginx
yum: name=nginx state=present
- name: Change Home
copy:
content: "hello {{hello}}"
dest: /var/www/html/index.html
- name: Start Nginx
service: name=nginx state=started
二、定义变量和使用变量
2.1 在playbook文件直接定义变量
- hosts: web
vars:
web_pack: httpd-2.4.6
ftp_pack: vsftpd
tasks:
- name: Install
yum:
name:
- "{{ web_pack }}"
- "{{ ftp_pack }}"
state: present
2.2 定义变量文件
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat template-demo02.yml
- hosts: cl-node02
vars_files:
- ./template-demo02-vars.yml
tasks:
- name: Install
yum:
name:
- "{{ web_pack }}"
- "{{ ftp_pack }}"
state: present
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat template-demo02-vars.yml
web_pack: httpd-2.4.6
ftp_pack: vsftpd
2.3 在主机清单文件中定义
[web]
192.168.234.6
[web:vars]
pack_name=httpd
2.4 定义 group_vars 和 host_vars目录
group_vars 为组定义的变量目录，其下的文件名为组名， 如 group_vars/web
host_vars 为主机定义的变量目录，其下的文件名为IP， 如 host_vars/192.168.234.12
默认情况下， group_vars目录中文件名与hosts清单的组名保持一致，系统还提供了一个特殊的组all，在group_vars中新建一个all文件，所有组都可使用。
[root@cl-server ansible]# vi hosts
[cl1]
cl-node01
[root@cl-server ansible]# cat /etc/ansible/group_vars/cl1.yml
http_port: 9099
server_name: cl3.kunking.com
[root@cl-server ansible]# ansible cl1 -a "echo {{ server_name }}"
cl-node01 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
cl3.kunking.com
[root@cl-server ansible]# ansible cl1 -a "echo {{ http_port }}"
cl-node01 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
9099
2.5 执行playbook时使用-e参数指定变量
ansible-playbook httpd.yml -e "hosts=web" -e "pack_name=httpd"
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat srv_install_module.yml
---
- hosts: cl
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: install {{ rpmname }} package
yum: name={{ rpmname }} state=present
- name: copy {{ rpmname }} config
copy: src=/root/playbooks/{{ rpmname }}.conf dest=/etc/{{ rpmname }}/{{ rpmname }}.conf backup=yes
notify: reload
tags: reload{{ rpmname }}
- name: start {{ rpmname }} service
service: name={{ rpmname }} state=started enabled=true
tags: start{{ rpmname }}
handlers:
- name: reload
service: name={{ rpmname }} state=restarted
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook srv_install_module.yml -e rpmname=keepalived
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat srv_install_module.yml
---
- hosts: cl
remote_user: root
vars:
- rpmname: nginx
nginxport: 8888
tasks:
- name: install {{ rpmname }} package
yum: name={{ rpmname }} state=present
- name: copy {{ rpmname }} config
template: src=/root/playbooks/{{ rpmname }}.conf.j2 dest=/etc/{{ rpmname }}/{{ rpmname }}.conf backup=yes
notify: reload
tags: reload{{ rpmname }}
- name: start {{ rpmname }} service
service: name={{ rpmname }} state=started enabled=true
tags: start{{ rpmname }}
handlers:
- name: reload
service: name={{ rpmname }} state=restarted
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat nginx.conf.j2
user nginx;
worker_processes {{ ansible_processor_vcpus }};
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
......
http {
......
server {
listen {{ nginxport }};
listen [::]:{{ nginxport }};
server_name _;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
# Load configuration files for the default server block.
include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
}
}
2.6 变量引入的顺序
- 1. 通过执行命令传递的变量
- 2. 在playbook中引入vars_files中的变量
- 3. 在playbook中定义的vars变量
- 4. 在host_vars中定义的变量
- 5. 在group_vars中组名文件中定义的变量
- 6. 在group_vars中all文件中定义的变量
2.7 ansible register 注册变量
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat register-demo01.yml
- hosts: cl-node02
tasks:
- name: install httpd server
yum: name=httpd state=present
- name: service httpd server
service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes
- name: check httpd status
shell: ps aux | grep httpd
register: httpd_status
- name: output httpd_status variable
debug:
msg: "{{ httpd_status }}"
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook register-demo01.yml
PLAY [cl-node02] ******************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] ************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [install httpd server] *******************************************************************************************************************
TASK [service httpd server] *******************************************************************************************************************
TASK [check httpd status] *********************************************************************************************************************
TASK [output httpd_status variable] ***********************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02] => {
"msg": {
"changed": true,
"cmd": "ps aux | grep httpd",
"delta": "0:00:00.014781",
"end": "2021-11-22 15:54:27.732964",
"failed": false,
"rc": 0,
"start": "2021-11-22 15:54:27.718183",
"stderr": "",
"stderr_lines": [],
"stdout": "root 4335 0.2 0.5 230440 5208 ? Ss 15:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND\n ### 本身是一行，为了展示方便，换行
apache 4336 0.0 0.2 230440 2980 ? S 15:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND\n
apache 4337 0.0 0.2 230440 2980 ? S 15:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND\n
apache 4338 0.0 0.2 230440 2980 ? S 15:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND\n
apache 4339 0.0 0.2 230440 2980 ? S 15:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND\n
apache 4340 0.0 0.2 230440 2980 ? S 15:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND\n
root 4397 0.0 0.1 113280 1208 pts/1 S+ 15:54 0:00 /bin/sh -c ps aux | grep httpd\n
root 4399 0.0 0.0 112824 964 pts/1 S+ 15:54 0:00 grep httpd",
"stdout_lines": [
"root 4335 0.2 0.5 230440 5208 ? Ss 15:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND",
"apache 4336 0.0 0.2 230440 2980 ? S 15:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND",
"apache 4337 0.0 0.2 230440 2980 ? S 15:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND",
"apache 4338 0.0 0.2 230440 2980 ? S 15:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND",
"apache 4339 0.0 0.2 230440 2980 ? S 15:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND",
"apache 4340 0.0 0.2 230440 2980 ? S 15:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND",
"root 4397 0.0 0.1 113280 1208 pts/1 S+ 15:54 0:00 /bin/sh -c ps aux | grep httpd",
"root 4399 0.0 0.0 112824 964 pts/1 S+ 15:54 0:00 grep httpd"
]
}
}
PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************************************************
cl-node02 : ok=5 changed=3 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
2.8 Ansible Facts变量
Gathering Facts： 获取目标主机的信息。
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible cl-node02 -m setup
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat facts-demo01.yml
- hosts: cl-node02
tasks:
- name: Query Host Info
debug:
msg: IP address is {{ansible_default_ipv4.address}} in hosts {{ansible_distribution}}
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook facts-demo01.yml
PLAY [cl-node02] *************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *******************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [Query Host Info] *******************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02] => {
"msg": "IP address is 192.168.234.12 in hosts CentOS"
}
PLAY RECAP *******************************************************************************************************
cl-node02 : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
2.9 关闭ansible gather_facts
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat facts-demo02.yml
- hosts: cl-node02
gather_facts: no
tasks:
- name: Install atop
yum: name=atop state=present
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook facts-demo02.yml
PLAY [cl-node02] *************************************************************************************************
TASK [Install atop] **********************************************************************************************
changed: [cl-node02]
PLAY RECAP *******************************************************************************************************
cl-node02 : ok=1 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
三、Task 任务控制
- 条件判断： when
- 循环语句： with_items
- 触发器： handlers
- 标签： tags
- 包含： include
- 忽略错误： ignore_error
- 错误处理： change
3.1 条件判断 when
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat task_control_demo01.yml
- hosts: cl-node02
tasks:
- name: Install CentOS httpd
yum: name=httpd state=present
when: ( ansible_distribution == "CentOS" )
- name: Install Ubuntu httpd
yum: name=httpd2 state=present
when: ansible_distribution == "Ubuntu"
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook task_control_demo01.yml
PLAY [cl-node02] ******************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] ************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [Install CentOS httpd] *******************************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [Install Ubuntu httpd] *******************************************************************************************************************
skipping: [cl-node02]
PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************************************************
cl-node02 : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=1 rescued=0 ignored=0
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat task_control_demo02.yml
- hosts: cl-node02
tasks:
- name: check httpd server
command: systemctl is-active httpd
register: check_httpd
- name: httpd restart
service: name=httpd state=restarted
when: check_httpd.rc == 0
3.2 循环语句 with_items
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat task_control_demo03.yml
- hosts: cl-node02
tasks:
- name: Service Start
service: name={{item}} state=restarted
with_items:
- nginx
- httpd
- name: Copy Configure File
copy:
src: "{{item.src}}"
dest: "{{item.dest}}"
mode: "{{item.mode}}"
with_items:
- {src: './nginx.conf', dest: '/etc/nginx/nginx.conf', mode: '0644'}
- {src: './httpd.conf', dest: '/etc/httpd/httpd.conf', mode: '0755'}
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat ex_item.yml
- hosts: cl
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: install web packages
yum: name={{ item }} state=present
with_items:
- telnet
- htop
[DEPRECATION WARNING]: Invoking "yum" only once while using a loop via squash_actions is deprecated. Instead of
using a loop to supply multiple items and specifying `name: "{{ item }}"`, please use `name: ['telnet', 'htop']` and
remove the loop. This feature will be removed in version 2.11. Deprecation warnings can be disabled by setting
deprecation_warnings=False in ansible.cfg.
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat ex_item.yml
- hosts: cl
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: install web packages
yum:
name: ['telnet', 'htop', 'tree']
state: present
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook ex_item.yml
3.3 触发器 handlers
当某个任务发生变化时，触发另一个任务的执行，例如httpd配置文件变更，触发httpd重启。
handler虽然是某个任务触发的，但是必须等到所有的task都执行完成后，才会被触发。如果在执行完成前，有另一个task任务执行失败了，那么被触发的handlers也不会被执行。
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat task_control_demo04.yml
- hosts: cl-node02
tasks:
- name: install httpd server
yum: name=httpd state=present
- name: configure httpd server
copy: src=httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
notify:
- Restart Httpd Server
- name: service httpd server
service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes
handlers:
- name: Restart Httpd Server
service: name=httpd state=restarted
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook task_control_demo04.yml
PLAY [cl-node02] ***************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [install httpd server] ****************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [configure httpd server] **************************************************************************************************
changed: [cl-node02]
TASK [service httpd server] ****************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
RUNNING HANDLER [Restart Httpd Server] *****************************************************************************************
changed: [cl-node02]
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************************
cl-node02 : ok=5 changed=2 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
### 测试触发时机
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat task_control_demo05.yml
- hosts: cl-node02
tasks:
- name: install httpd server
yum: name=httpd state=present
- name: before notify
copy: src=/root/aa.txt dest=/tmp/aa.txt
- name: configure httpd server
copy: src=httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
notify:
- Restart Httpd Server
- name: after notify
copy: src=/root/aa.conf dest=/tmp/aa.txt
- name: service httpd server
service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes
handlers:
- name: Restart Httpd Server
service: name=httpd state=restarted
当 before notify 执行失败， 不会触发。
当 before notify 执行成功， after notify 执行失败， 文件会更新，不会触发。
修正错误后， 继续执行，也不会触发，因为配置文件没有更新。
3.4 tags标签
使用ansible-playbook 执行时可以指定标签来执行任务，不必执行所有任务。
标签： 1.一个任务设置一个标签， 2.一个任务设置多个标签，3.多个任务设置一个标签
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat task_control_demo06.yml
- hosts: cl-node02
tasks:
- name: install httpd server
yum: name=httpd state=present
tags: install
- name: configure httpd server
copy: src=httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
notify:
- Restart Httpd Server
tags: configure
- name: after notify
copy: src=/root/aa.txt dest=/tmp/aa.txt
tags: ["touch_aa", "install"]
- name: service httpd server
service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes
tags: start
handlers:
- name: Restart Httpd Server
service: name=httpd state=restarted
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook task_control_demo06.yml -t "configure"
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook task_control_demo06.yml -t "configure,touch_aa"
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook task_control_demo06.yml --skip-tags "install"
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook task_control_demo06.yml -t "install"
3.5 include
把任务单独写在一个yaml文件中，其他任务需要时通过include_tasks:xxx.yaml引入。
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat task_control_include01.yml
- name: restart httpd service
service: name=httpd state=restarted
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat task_control_include02.yml
- hosts: cl-node02
tasks:
- name: configure httpd server
copy: src=httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
- name: restart httpd server
include_tasks: ./task_control_include01.yml
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook task_control_include02.yml
PLAY [cl-node02] ***************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [configure httpd server] **************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [restart httpd server] ****************************************************************************************************
included: /root/playbooks/task_control_include01.yml for cl-node02
TASK [restart httpd service] ***************************************************************************************************
changed: [cl-node02]
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************************
cl-node02 : ok=4 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
把两个完整的playbook合并， 按照顺序先后执行
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat task_control_include03.yml
- hosts: cl-node02
tasks:
- name: install httpd server
yum: name=httpd state=present
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat task_control_include04.yml
- hosts: cl-node02
tasks:
- name: configure httpd server
copy: src=httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat task_control_include05.yml
- import_playbook: ./task_control_include03.yml
- import_playbook: ./task_control_include04.yml
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook task_control_include05.yml
PLAY [cl-node02] ***************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [install httpd server] ****************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
PLAY [cl-node02] ***************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [configure httpd server] **************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************************
cl-node02 : ok=4 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
3.6 忽略错误ignore_errors
在执行playbook时，如果其中某个任务失败了，它后面的任务就不会再执行了。
如果某些任务是可以执行失败的，需要失败后继续执行后续任务，添加ignore_errors。
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat ignore_error.yml
- hosts: cl-node02
tasks:
- name: check httpd status
command: ps aux | grep httpd
register: httpd_status
ignore_errors: yes
- name: restart httpd
service: name=httpd state=restarted
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook ignore_error.yml
PLAY [cl-node02] ***************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [check httpd status] ******************************************************************************************************
fatal: [cl-node02]: FAILED! => {"changed": true, "cmd": ["ps", "aux", "|", "grep", "httpd"], "delta": "0:00:00.006600", "end": "2021-11-22 17:22:39.989640",
"msg": "non-zero return code", "rc": 1, "start": "2021-11-22 17:22:39.983040", "stderr": "error: garbage option\n\nUsage:\n ps [options]\n\n
Try 'ps --help '\n or 'ps --help '\n for additional help text.\n\nFor more details see ps(1).",
"stderr_lines": ["error: garbage option", "", "Usage:", " ps [options]", "", " Try 'ps --help '", "
or 'ps --help '", " for additional help text.", "", "For more details see ps(1)."], "stdout": "", "stdout_lines": []}
...ignoring
TASK [restart httpd] ***********************************************************************************************************
changed: [cl-node02]
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************************
cl-node02 : ok=3 changed=2 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=1
3.7 错误处理
3.7.1 force_handlers: yes 强制调用handlers。
只要handlers被触发，无论是否有任务执行失败，均调用handlers。
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat error_handler01.yaml
- hosts: cl-node02
force_handlers: yes
tasks:
- name: configure httpd server
copy: src=httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
notify:
- Restart Httpd Server
- name: after notify
copy: src=/root/aa.conf dest=/tmp/aa.txt
- name: service httpd server
service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes
handlers:
- name: Restart Httpd Server
service: name=httpd state=restarted
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook error_handler01.yaml
PLAY [cl-node02] ***************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [configure httpd server] **************************************************************************************************
changed: [cl-node02]
TASK [after notify] ************************************************************************************************************
An exception occurred during task execution. To see the full traceback, use -vvv. The error was: If you are using a module and expect the file to exist on the remote,
see the remote_src option fatal: [cl-node02]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "msg": "Could not find or access '/root/aa.conf' on the Ansible Controller.\n
If you are using a module and expect the file to exist on the remote, see the remote_src option"}
RUNNING HANDLER [Restart Httpd Server] *****************************************************************************************
changed: [cl-node02]
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************************
cl-node02 : ok=3 changed=2 unreachable=0 failed=1 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
3.7.2 changed_when
当任务执行时，被控主机端发生了变化，change就会变化，但是某些命令，只是查询信息，没有修改，但一直会显示change状态。可以强制把change状态关掉。
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat error_handler02.yaml
- hosts: cl-node02
tasks:
- name: test task
shell: ps aux
changed_when: False
### 添加 changed_when 前
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook error_handler02.yaml
PLAY [cl-node02] ***************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [test task] ***************************************************************************************************************
changed: [cl-node02]
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************************
cl-node02 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
### 添加 changed_when: False后
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook error_handler02.yaml
PLAY [cl-node02] ***************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [test task] ***************************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************************
cl-node02 : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat error_handler03.yml
- hosts: cl-node02
tasks:
- name: install nginx server
yum: name=nginx state=present
- name: configure nginx
copy: src=./nginx.conf dest=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
- name: check nginx configure
command: /usr/sbin/nginx -t
register: check_nginx
- name: service nginx server
service: name=nginx state=restarted
changed_when: ( check_nginx.stdout.find('successful') )
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook error_handler03.yml
PLAY [cl-node02] ***************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [install nginx server] ****************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [configure nginx] *********************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [check nginx configure] ***************************************************************************************************
changed: [cl-node02]
TASK [service nginx server] ****************************************************************************************************
changed: [cl-node02]
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************************
cl-node02 : ok=5 changed=2 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
### 修改 配置文件， nginx配置文件检查失败， 重启检查失败，不再重启
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook error_handler03.yml
PLAY [cl-node02] ***************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *********************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [install nginx server] ****************************************************************************************************
ok: [cl-node02]
TASK [configure nginx] *********************************************************************************************************
changed: [cl-node02]
TASK [check nginx configure] ***************************************************************************************************
fatal: [cl-node02]: FAILED! => {"changed": true, "cmd": ["/usr/sbin/nginx", "-t"], "delta": "0:00:00.008670", "end": "2021-11-22 17:55:48.681369",
"msg": "non-zero return code", "rc": 1, "start": "2021-11-22 17:55:48.672699",
"stderr": "nginx: [emerg] unknown directive \"adad\" in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf:5\nnginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed",
"stderr_lines": ["nginx: [emerg] unknown directive \"adad\" in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf:5", "nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed"],
"stdout": "", "stdout_lines": []}
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************************
cl-node02 : ok=3 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=1 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
四、PLAYBOOK案例
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat ex_copy.yml
---
- name: test copy / fetch / user / group
hosts: cl
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: test copy
copy:
src: ~/df.sh
dest: /tmp/df.sh
- name: unarchive tar.gz
unarchive:
src: ~/apache-tomcat-8.5.65.tar.gz
dest: /tmp/
- name: create group
group: name=testadmin
- name: create user
user: name=admin01 group=testadmin
- name: sync
synchronize:
src: ~/tt.txt
dest: /tmp/tt.txt
archive: no
recursive: yes
- name: install ncat
yum: name=sl
[root@cl-server playbooks]# ansible-playbook ex_copy.yml
[root@cl-server playbooks]# cat nginx_v2.yml
---
- hosts: cl
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: install nginx package
yum: name=nginx state=present
- name: copy nginx config
copy: src=/root/playbooks/nginx_v2.conf dest=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf backup=yes
notify: reload
tags: reloadnginx
- name: start nginx service
service: name=nginx state=started enabled=true
tags: startnginx
handlers:
- name: reload
service: name=nginx state=restarted