docker之镜像下载

1、镜像搜索

[root@localhost ~]# docker search nginx 
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
nginx                             Official build of Nginx.                        16057     [OK]       
jwilder/nginx-proxy               Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con…   2105                 [OK]
richarvey/nginx-php-fpm           Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable of…   819                  [OK]
jc21/nginx-proxy-manager          Docker container for managing Nginx proxy ho…   303                  
linuxserver/nginx                 An Nginx container, brought to you by LinuxS…   161                  
jlesage/nginx-proxy-manager       Docker container for Nginx Proxy Manager        148                  [OK]
tiangolo/nginx-rtmp               Docker image with Nginx using the nginx-rtmp…   148                  [OK]
alfg/nginx-rtmp                   NGINX, nginx-rtmp-module and FFmpeg from sou…   112                  [OK]
nginxdemos/hello                  NGINX webserver that serves a simple page co…   81                   [OK]
privatebin/nginx-fpm-alpine       PrivateBin running on an Nginx, php-fpm & Al…   61                   [OK]
docker镜像名字    　　　　　　　　　　描述　　　　　　　　　　　　　　             　   受欢迎程度　　　是否官方提供

2、镜像下载

方法1：从docker hub 拉取

[root@localhost ~]#  docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
a2abf6c4d29d: Pull complete 
a9edb18cadd1: Pull complete 
589b7251471a: Pull complete 
186b1aaa4aa6: Pull complete 
b4df32aa5a72: Pull complete 
a0bcbecc962e: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:0d17b565c37bcbd895e9d92315a05c1c3c9a29f762b011a10c54a66cd53c9b31
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest

方法2：使用阿里云加速器

 https://cr.console.aliyun.com（需要注册）

 配置加速器 

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /etc/docker  #

[root@localhost ~]# tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF' 
{ 
　　"registry-mirrors": ["加速地址"] 
}
EOF 

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart docker

查看配置情况(红色部分为你的加速地址）

[root@localhost ~]# docker info...
 Registry Mirrors:
  https://xxxxxx.mirror.aliyuncs.com/
 Live Restore Enabled: false

方法3：image镜像导入

[root@localhost ~]# docker load -i /root/docker-nginx.tar

方法4：直接下载其他站点的镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull hub.c.163.com/library/nginx:latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
5de4b4d551f8: Pull complete 
d4b36a5e9443: Pull complete 
0af1f0713557: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:f84932f738583e0169f94af9b2d5201be2dbacc1578de73b09a6dfaaa07801d6
Status: Downloaded newer image for hub.c.163.com/library/nginx:latest
hub.c.163.com/library/nginx:latest

3、查看 images 列表

[root@localhost ~]#  docker images
REPOSITORY                                                        TAG        IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
nginx                                                             latest     605c77e624dd   3 days ago      141M

docker ps // 查看所有正在运行容器
docker stop containerId // containerId 是容器的ID

docker ps -a // 查看所有容器
docker ps -a -q // 查看所有容器ID

docker stop $(docker ps -a -q) //  stop停止所有容器
docker  rm $(docker ps -a -q) //   remove删除所有容器
 

4、开启动网络转发功能

[root@localhost ~]#  vim /etc/sysctl.conf  #插入以下内容
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1[root@localhost ~]# sysctl  -p   #生效
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1[root@localhost ~]#  cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
1
否则，docker启动实例时，会报错以下警告：
[root@localhost ~]#  systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld   #关闭防火墙

5、启动实列nginx

[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name nginx -p 80:80 -d nginx
f47856b2612acd70f938b373d0f37b956232018b691d302b18ef982014a60918

需要手动创建daemon.json文件