Mybatis学习笔记
之前看过Mybatis,但因为时间长远没有用,大部分已经忘记了,这里贴下coding练习过程
1. 导包
- log4j.jar
- mybatis-3.4.6.jar
- mysql-connector-java-5.1.39-bin.jar
2. 准备配置
2.1 log4j.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
2.2 db.properties
jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url = jdbc\:mysql\://127.0.0.1\:3306/mybatis?useUnicode\=true&characterEncoding\=UTF-8&serverTimezone\=Asia/Shanghai&useAffectedRows\=true
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password =
2.3 mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
3. 创建表和实体
3.1 表
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`user_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`user_name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`user_email` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`user_category_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=31 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
CREATE TABLE `category` (
`category_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`category_name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`category_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
3.2 entity
package com.howl.entity;
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private String email;
private int category_id;
private Category category;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public int getCategory_id() {
return category_id;
}
public void setCategory_id(int category_id) {
this.category_id = category_id;
}
public Category getCategory() {
return category;
}
public void setCategory(Category category) {
this.category = category;
}
public User() {
super();
}
public User(String name, String email) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.email = email;
}
public User(int id, String name) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
}
public User(int id, String name, String email) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.email = email;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", email=" + email + ", category_id=" + category_id + ", category="
+ category + "]";
}
}
package com.howl.entity;
import java.util.List;
public class Category {
private int id;
private String name;
private List users;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public List getUsers() {
return users;
}
public void setUsers(List users) {
this.users = users;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Category [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", users=" + users + "]";
}
}
4. 创建表与实体的映射文件及与关联全局配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
INSERT INTO user(`user_name`,`user_email`) VALUES (#{name},#{email});
UPDATE user SET user_name = #{name},user_email = #{email} WHERE user_id = #{id}
DELETE FROM user WHERE user_id = #{id}
public interface UserMapper {
public User selectUserById(int id);
public User selectUserByConditions(User user);
// 多参传入方法
public User selectUserByConditions(Map map);
public User selectUserByConditions(@Param("id")int id, @Param("name")String name);
public User selectUserByIdWithCategory(@Param("id")int id);
public List selectUserByLikeName(String name);
// 动态查询
public List selectUserDynamic(User user);
// 批处理
public List selectUserByIdForeach(List list);
public int insertUser(User user);
public int updateUser(User user);
public int deleteUser(int id);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
public interface CategoryMapper {
public Category selectCategoryById(int id);
public Category selectCategoryByIdWithUser(int id);
}
5. 工具类
public class MybatisUtil {
private static InputStream in;
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
static {
try {
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private MybatisUtil(){}
// 可选数据源
public static SqlSession getSqlSession (String environment){
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in,environment);
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
}
public static void closeSqlSession(SqlSession sqlSession){
if(sqlSession != null){
sqlSession.close();
}
}
// 测试连接
public static void main(String[] args) {
Connection conn = MybatisUtil.getSqlSession("product").getConnection();
if(conn != null){
System.out.println("连接成功");
}
}
}
6. 测试
public class main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 工具类获取SqlSession连接会话
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtil.getSqlSession("product");
// 根据会话获取代理对象
UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(com.howl.dao.UserMapper.class);
// 增
User user1 = new User("Howl","1210911104@qq.com");
userMapper.insertUser(user1);
System.out.println("自增主键为:" + user1.getId());
sqlSession.commit();
// 删
int deleteNum = userMapper.deleteUser(24);
System.out.println("删除影响条数为:" + deleteNum);
sqlSession.commit();
// 改(多次同样修改也返回1,应为返回的是matched的数,需要在连接url上加参数useAffectedRows=true)
int updateNum = userMapper.updateUser(new User(26,"Howlet","111111"));
System.out.println("修改的影响条数为:" + updateNum);
sqlSession.commit();
// 单参查询
User user2 = userMapper.selectUserById(25);
System.out.println("查询结果为:" + user2.getName());
// 单参数查询,封装成User了
User user3 = new User(26,"Howl");
user3 = userMapper.selectUserByConditions(user3);
System.out.println(user3);
// 模糊查询记住要在传参时拼接,语句中不支持,除非用绑定
List users1 = userMapper.selectUserByLikeName("%How%");
for(User value : users1){
System.out.println(value);
}
// 一对一联合查询
User user4 = userMapper.selectUserByIdWithCategory(25);
System.out.println(user4);
// 动态模糊查询,建议把模糊字段在sql语句外拼接
User user5 = new User();
user5.setName("%ho%");
// user5.setCategory_id(1);
List users = userMapper.selectUserDynamic(user5);
for(User value : users){
System.out.println(value);
}
// 批处理,更新也是如此返回影响条数 ,一般前端都是传数组的
List list1 = new ArrayList();
list1.add(25);
list1.add(26);
list1.add(27);
List list2 = userMapper.selectUserByIdForeach(list1);
for(User value : list2){
System.out.println(value);
}
// 懒查询,开启association的select
// user查询语句和正常查询user一样,不同于之处在于调用关联对象后,框架调用select片段
User user6 = userMapper.selectUserById(25);
System.out.println("查询结果为:" + user6.getName());
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(user6.getCategory());
//-------------------------- category -----------------------------
// 根据会话获取
CategoryMapper categoryMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(com.howl.dao.CategoryMapper.class);
Category category1 = categoryMapper.selectCategoryById(1);
System.out.println(category1);
Category category2 = categoryMapper.selectCategoryByIdWithUser(1);
System.out.println(category2.getName());
}
}
7. 补充
- Mybatis中的事务是默认开启的,因此我们在完成操作以后,需要我们手动去提交事务!
- Dao接口里的方法,是不能重载的,因为是全限名+方法名的保存和寻找策略
- Dao接口的工作原理是JDK动态代理,Mybatis运行时会使用JDK动态代理为Dao接口生成代理proxy对象,代理对象proxy会拦截接口方法,转而执行MappedStatement所代表的sql,然后将sql执行结果返回
- MyBatis 包含一个名叫 Resources 的工具类,它包含一些实用方法,可使从 classpath 或其他位置加载资源文件更加容易
#{}实际上就是调用了类的getter方法- @Alias("User"),放在entity上,mybatis别名注解
- 框架实现了1.8的新时间API映射
- 分页
分页插件的基本原理是使用Mybatis提供的插件接口,实现自定义插件,在插件的拦截方法内拦截待执行的sql,然后重写sql,根据dialect方言,添加对应的物理分页语句和物理分页参数
举例:`select * from student,拦截sql后重写为:select t.* from (select * from student)t limit 0,10`
- mybatis处理参数
单个参数:不会做特殊处理,不管写什么直接映射进去,可用基本类型,也可传pojo
多个参数时:会特殊处理,将多参数处理成map,#{}就是从map集合中获取指定的key,所以获取的时候会有提示 `Parameter 'id' not found. Available parameters are [arg1, arg0, param1, param2]`
默认--即参数可写arg1,arg2,arg3.....,或者param1,param2,param3....,现在的版本已经不用索引了,看版本把
map封装--在传参的时候明确写出参数名字,因为mybatis对参数是做map封装处理的
@param注解--key:@param注解来指定的值,#{指定的key},取出参数值,注解放在接口的方法的形参中
使用TO--来封装传输对象
pojo封装--属性是在pojo内部所有的
注意:如果传参是Collection、List或者数组,则不能用arg1,param1,使用的时候需要#{list[0]}、#{array[0]},因为mybatis会自动封装,多此一举?
#{}和${}, #只能用于条件参数位置中的位置,而$能用于拼接任何地方的,比如下面只能用${}
SELECT * FROM ${} ;
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观看了B站视频 这里