RAC修改数据库的spfile位置

结：
rac启动会根据rac中记录的参数文件的位置，写入到$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initFMISDB2.ora文件中，然后根据文件中的路径，找到ASM中参数文件，然后利用参数文件启动数据库。这是正常的启动顺序。

当使用sqlplus启动的时候，有时候会使用指定的参数文件启动数据库，此时，如果该参数文件和集群中记录的不一致，那么集群起来，但是db是无法启动的。用startup命令启动，会提示参数文件不存在。即使手动修改了initFMISDB2.ora文件，集群重启，该文件会被重新写入，根据集群的配置。

所以，在修改参数文件的路径时，一定要注意，集群中参数文件配置和启动的参数文件一致。

确认集群的配置
节点一：集群和数据库记录不一致；修改确认。
fmisdb1:$ srvctl config database -d fmisdb
Database unique name: FMISDB
Database name: FMISDB
Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
Oracle user: oracle
Spfile: +DATA/FMISDB/spfileFMISDB.ora
Domain:
Start options: open
Stop options: immediate
Database role: PRIMARY
Management policy: AUTOMATIC
Server pools: FMISDB
Database instances: FMISDB1,FMISDB2
Disk Groups: DATA
Mount point paths:
Services:
Type: RAC
Database is administrator managed

SQL> show parameter pfile

NAME TYPE VALUE
---------------------------------------
spfile string +DATA/fmisdb/spfilefmisdb1.ora

fmisdb1:/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/fmisdb/FMISDB1/trace$ id
uid=1101(oracle) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1200(dba),1300(asmdba)
fmisdb1:/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/fmisdb/FMISDB1/trace$ srvctl modify database -d fmisdb -p +DATA/FMISDB/spfileFMISDB1.ora
fmisdb1:/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/fmisdb/FMISDB1/trace$
fmisdb1:/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/fmisdb/FMISDB1/trace$
fmisdb1:/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/fmisdb/FMISDB1/trace$ srvctl config database -d fmisdb
Database unique name: FMISDB
Database name: FMISDB
Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
Oracle user: oracle
Spfile: +DATA/FMISDB/spfileFMISDB1.ora
Domain:
Start options: open
Stop options: immediate
Database role: PRIMARY
Management policy: AUTOMATIC
Server pools: FMISDB
Database instances: FMISDB1,FMISDB2
Disk Groups: DATA
Mount point paths:
Services:
Type: RAC
Database is administrator managed


节点二：确认写入文件和配置
fmisdb2:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs$ cat initFMISDB2.ora
#SPFILE='+DATA/FMISDB/spfileFMISDB1.ora' # line added by Agent
SPFILE='+DATA/FMISDB/spfileFMISDB1.ora' # line added by Agent


fmisdb2:/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/fmisdb/FMISDB2/trace$ srvctl config database -d fmisdb
Database unique name: FMISDB
Database name: FMISDB
Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
Oracle user: oracle
Spfile: +DATA/FMISDB/spfileFMISDB1.ora
Domain:
Start options: open
Stop options: immediate
Database role: PRIMARY
Management policy: AUTOMATIC
Server pools: FMISDB
Database instances: FMISDB1,FMISDB2
Disk Groups: DATA
Mount point paths:
Services:
Type: RAC
Database is administrator managed