ABAP Help Document(2):1.2 表达式
1.2 表达式
表达式类型：
1.逻辑表达式，返回boolean值；
2.算术表达式，返回数值型值；
3.字符串表达式，返回字符型值；
4.位表达式；
示例：
"supplied CLASS c_supplied DEFINITION. PUBLIC SECTION. CLASS-METHODS m1 IMPORTING p1 TYPE i DEFAULT 0 EXPORTING p2 TYPE i. ENDCLASS. CLASS c_supplied IMPLEMENTATION. METHOD m1. IF p1 IS SUPPLIED. WRITE:/ 'p1 is supplied with default',p1. ELSE. WRITE:/ 'p1 is not supplied',p1. ENDIF. IF p2 IS NOT SUPPLIED. WRITE:/ 'p2 is not supplied'. ELSE. WRITE:/ 'p2 is supplied',p2. ENDIF. ENDMETHOD. ENDCLASS. "表达式 FORM f_abap_expression. "1逻辑表达式 "语法: * { * { operand1 * {=|EQ|<>|NE|>|GT|<|LT|>=|GE|<=|LE * |CO|CN|CA|NA|CS|NS|CP|NP * |BYTE-CO|BYTE-CN|BYTE-CA|BYTE-NA|BYTE-CS|BYTE-NS * |O|Z|M} operand2 } * | {operand [NOT] BETWEEN operand1 AND operand2} * | {IS [NOT] ASSIGNED} * | {ref IS [NOT] BOUND} * | {operand IS [NOT] INITIAL} * | {para IS [NOT] REQUESTED} * | {para IS [NOT] SUPPLIED} * | {[operand [NOT] IN] seltab} * } "2.比较规则 "数字类型比较，自动类型转换 "数字之间比较时,自动数据类型从低到高转换 "decfloat16比较时,转换为decfloat34 *decfloat34>decfloat16>f>p>i>s>b "数字与字符串类型比较 "d,t,string,c,n,xstring,x "数字类型和字符类型比较转换为对应数字类型， "decfloat16转换为decfloat34,(i,s,b)转换为i类型； "字符类型和字符类型比较 *string>c>n>d>t "string和n比较转换为p类型，其余转换为string类型 "c和n比较转换为p类型，自动类型转换； "d,t自动类型转换，d,t不能互相比较； "3.逻辑运算符 "语法：NOT log_exp "语法：log_exp1 AND log_exp2 "语法：log_exp1 OR log_exp2 "语法：log_exp1 EQUIV log_exp2 "语法:( log_exp ) "between and DATA:lv_between_num TYPE I VALUE 12. IF lv_between_num BETWEEN 10 AND 20. WRITE:/ lv_between_num,'between 10~20'. ENDIF. "assigned,判断是否有分配内存地址 FIELD-SYMBOLS:TYPE C . DATA:lv_assign_c TYPE C VALUE 'A'. IF IS NOT ASSIGNED. ASSIGN lv_assign_c TO . WRITE:/ . ENDIF. "bound，是否有数据引用 DATA:lre_bound TYPE REF TO DATA. DATA:lt_bound_tab TYPE TABLE OF sflight. FIELD-SYMBOLS: TYPE sflight. SELECT * INTO TABLE lt_bound_tab FROM sflight. READ TABLE lt_bound_tab REFERENCE INTO lre_bound INDEX 1. IF lre_bound IS BOUND. ASSIGN lre_bound->* TO . WRITE:/ -carrid, -connid, -fldate. ENDIF. "initial,判断是否初始值 "初始化 REFRESH lt_bound_tab. IF lt_bound_tab IS INITIAL. WRITE:/ 'it is initial'. ENDIF. "IS REQUESTED已经弃用，使用IS SUPPLIED替代 "IS REQUESTED在procedure中，检查输出param，是否requested "IS SUPPLIED,在procedure中，检查输出param，是否filled,requested "当使用以下调用function，IS SUPPLIED返回true "CALL FUNCTION ... IN UPDATE TASK ... "CALL FUNCTION ... STARTING NEW TASK ... "from an external RFC interface DATA:lo_supplied TYPE REF TO c_supplied. DATA:lv_p1 TYPE I VALUE 10. DATA:lv_p2 TYPE I. CREATE OBJECT lo_supplied. "调用时，p1,p2有指定参数，IS SUPPLIED返回True "调用时，p1,p2没有指定参数，返回False lo_supplied->m1( EXPORTING p1 = lv_p1 IMPORTING p2 = lv_p2 ). WRITE:/ lv_p1,lv_p2. " IN seltab DATA:lr_seltab TYPE RANGE OF C. DATA:lrs_seltab LIKE LINE OF lr_seltab. DATA:lv_seltab_c TYPE C VALUE 'E'. lrs_seltab-low = 'A'. lrs_seltab-high = 'Z'. lrs_seltab-option = 'BT'. lrs_seltab-sign = 'I'. APPEND lrs_seltab TO lr_seltab. IF lv_seltab_c IN lr_seltab. WRITE:/ lv_seltab_c,'in seltab'. ENDIF. "算术表达式 "语法 *[+|-] operand1 * [{+|-|*|/|DIV|MOD|**} [+|-] operand2 * [{+|-|*|/|DIV|MOD|**} [+|-] operand3 *]] "加+,减-,乘*,除/,DIV整除,MOD取余,**乘方 "字符串表达式 "语法 *{ |string_template| } * | { operand1 && operand2 [&& operand3 ... ] *} "字符串模板:|[literal_text][embedded_expressions][control_characters]| "[literal_text]固定字符 "[embedded_expressions]表达式 "[control_characters]控制字符,\n换行,\r返回,\t制表符 *\n：line break， 0A； *\r：return， 0D； *\t：tabulator，09； *[embedded_expressions]表达式：｛exp [format_options]｝ "[format_options]设置 *[WIDTH = len] "显示宽度 *[ALIGN = LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER|(val)] "只在width大于最小需求宽度时生效； "CL_ABAP_FORMAT类可以找到对应值。示例：CL_ABAP_FORMAT=>A_LEFT，left *[PAD = c] "指定填充的字符，当宽度大于最小需求宽度时，其余位置用pad指定字符填充，默认为空 *[CASE = RAW|UPPER|LOWER|(val)] "指定字符大小写，原样输出 *[SIGN = LEFT|LEFTPLUS|LEFTSPACE|RIGHT|RIGHTPLUS|RIGHTSPACE|(val)] "指定数字类型，正负号位置 *LEFT:CL_ABAP_FORMAT=>S_LEFT "-" left without space, no "+" *LEFTPLUS:CL_ABAP_FORMAT=>S_LEFTPLUS "-" and "+" left without space *LEFTSPACE:CL_ABAP_FORMAT=>S_LEFTSPACE "-"left without space, blank left for "+" *RIGHT:CL_ABAP_FORMAT=>S_RIGHT "-" right without space, no "+" *RIGHTPLUS:CL_ABAP_FORMAT=>S_RIGHTPLUS "-"and"+" right without space *RIGHTSPACE: CL_ABAP_FORMAT=>S_RIGHTSPACE "-"right without space, blank right for "+" *[EXPONENT = exp] "指定浮点数指数，STYLE只能是SCIENTIFIC *[DECIMALS = dec] "小数点后位数 *[ZERO = YES|NO|(val)] "数字为0,是否显示0 *[STYLE = SIMPLE|SIGN_AS_POSTFIX|SCALE_PRESERVING * |SCIENTIFIC|SCIENTIFIC_WITH_LEADING_ZERO * |SCALE_PRESERVING_SCIENTIFIC|ENGINEERING * |(val)] "设置正负号位置，前置0，以及是否科学表示法 "参考Demo:DEMO_STYLE *[CURRENCY = cur] "币别表： TCURC，TCURX:配置小数不为2位的Currency code; "根据币别设定小数字数，数据类型i, p,f *[NUMBER = RAW|USER|ENVIRONMENT|(val)] "指定小数点，千分负号(decimal and thousand separators) "RAW：不显示千分符号；USER:千分符号用户设定；ENVIRONMENT:显示千分符号 "参考Demo:DEMO_STRING_TEMPLATE_DATE_FORM "不同国家,数字格式，日期，时间格式设置表：T005X "字段:XDEZP *'' 示例：1.234,56 *X 示例：1,234.56 *Y 示例：1 234,56 "字段：DATFM *"1" dd.mm.yyyy *"2" mm/dd/yyyy *"3" mm-dd-yyyy *"4" yyyy.mm.dd *"5" yyyy/mm/dd *"6" yyyy-mm-dd *"7" ggyy.mm.dd, Japanese date "gg天皇年号,yy第几年 *"8" ggyy/mm/dd, Japanese date *"9" ggyy-mm-dd, Japanese date "Islamic moon calendar 从16th July 622开始，穆罕默德麦地那时期开始 *"A" yyyy/mm/dd, Islamic date 1 "Islamic moon calendar A,B两种不同格式，Table:TISLCAL，program：I18N_MAINTAIN_TISLCAL维护 *"B" yyyy/mm/dd, Islamic date 2 *"C" yyyy/mm/dd, Iranian date "Islamic sun calendar "字段：TIMEFM *0 24-hour format (default setting) hh:mm:ss *1 12-hour format hh:mm:ss AM and hh:mm:ss PM *2 12-hour format hh:mm:ss am and hh:mm:ss pm *3 12-hour format hh:mm:ss AM and hh:mm:ss PM *4 12-hour format hh:mm:ss am and hh:mm:ss pm *"1" and "2", midnight and noon are displayed as 12:00:00. *"3" and "4", midnight and noon are displayed as 00:00:00. *处理时间类：CL_ABAP_TIMEFM *[DATE = RAW|ISO|USER|ENVIRONMENT|(val)] "ISO:样式yyyy-mm-dd *[TIME = RAW|ISO|USER|ENVIRONMENT|(val)] "ISO:样式hh:mm:ss *[TIMESTAMP = SPACE|ISO|USER|ENVIRONMENT|(val)] "SPACE:样式: "yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss.zzzzzzz". "ISO:"yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss,zzzzzzz" *[TIMEZONE = tz] "Timezone维护Table:TTZZ,数据类型:TZNZONE "转换timestamp数据类型:TIMESTAMPL,TIMESTAMP "默认为"UTC" "夏季时间区间Table:TTZDV "转换Timestamp 差异：TTZR "语法: *CONVERT TIME STAMP time_stamp TIME ZONE tz * INTO [DATE dat] * [TIME tim] [DAYLIGHT SAVING TIME dst]. "当前timezone: sy-zonlo "根据当前时间日期，创建TimeStamp "语法： "GET TIME STAMP FIELD time_stamp. *[COUNTRY = cty] "SET COUNTRY cntry "如果cntry在T005X中能够找到，sy-subrc = 0,使用T005X配置 "如果没有找到，sy-subrc =4,日期默认："mm/dd/yyyy" ，时间默认：0, "可以使用&,&&连接两个字符串模板 "&的字符串模板长度不能超过255 "只能在UnionCode系统使用 "在字符模板中输出|,{,},\，需要\转义字符 DATA:lv_str1 TYPE C LENGTH 10 VALUE 'hello'. DATA:lv_str2 TYPE C LENGTH 20 VALUE 'world'. DATA:lv_str3 TYPE string. DATA:lv_num1 TYPE I VALUE +123. DATA:lv_num2 TYPE I VALUE -123. DATA:lv_num3 TYPE F VALUE '1.24'. DATA:lv_num4 TYPE P VALUE '1.255' DECIMALS 3. "包装类型 DATA:lv_num5 TYPE I VALUE 0. DATA:lv_num6 TYPE F VALUE '-12345.67890'. DATA:lv_date1 TYPE D. lv_date1 = sy-datum. DATA:lv_time1 TYPE T. lv_time1 = sy-uzeit. DATA:lv_time2 TYPE P LENGTH 8 DECIMALS 0. "只有两种格式P类型可以转换TIMESTAMP DATA:lv_time3 TYPE P LENGTH 11 DECIMALS 7. "类型:TIMESTAMPL,TIMESTAMP "获取timestamp GET TIME STAMP FIELD lv_time2. GET TIME STAMP FIELD lv_time3. DATA:lv_case_format_val TYPE I VALUE CL_ABAP_FORMAT=>C_UPPER. lv_str3 = lv_str1 && lv_str2. WRITE:/ lv_str3. lv_str3 = |Hello \| World!|. WRITE:/ lv_str3. lv_str3 = |Hello| & | | & |World| & |!|. WRITE:/ lv_str3. "使用表达式 lv_str3 = |{ lv_str1 && lv_str2 }| && "exp可以变量，method返回值，计算表达式 |{ lv_str1 WIDTH = 20 ALIGN = RIGHT PAD = '*' } \n| && "格式exp [format] |{ lv_str1 CASE = (lv_case_format_val) } \r| && |{ lv_num1 SIGN = RIGHTSPACE } \t| && |{ lv_num2 SIGN = RIGHTSPACE } \t| && "指定数字+，-符号显示 |{ lv_num3 EXPONENT = 2 } \t| && "指定浮点数的指数,只能是浮点类型,不能和 TIMEZONE一起使用 |{ lv_num4 DECIMALS = 2 } \t| && "指定保留小数位数，四舍五入，原数据类型需指定decimal，不能和 TIMEZONE一起使用 |{ lv_num5 ZERO = YES } \t| && "当数字为0时，yes显示为0，no显示为空字符串，不能和 TIMEZONE一起使用 |{ lv_num6 STYLE = SIMPLE } \t| && "STYLE属性和WRITE TO相同 |{ lv_num6 STYLE = SIGN_AS_POSTFIX } \t| && "负号在右边 |{ lv_num6 STYLE = SCIENTIFIC } \t| && "科学计数法 |{ lv_num6 CURRENCY = 'USD' } \t|. WRITE:/ lv_str3. lv_str3 = |{ lv_num6 STYLE = SIMPLE NUMBER = USER } \t| && "NUMBER |{ lv_num6 STYLE = SIMPLE NUMBER = RAW } \t| && |{ lv_date1 DATE = RAW } \t| && "日期RAW:无格式处理，ISO,使用:分隔yyyy-mm-dd |{ lv_date1 DATE = ISO } \t| && |{ lv_time1 TIME = RAW } \t| && "时间RAW:无格式处理，ISO,使用:分隔hh:mm:ss |{ lv_time1 TIME = ISO } \t| && |{ lv_time1 TIME = ENVIRONMENT } \t| && |{ lv_time2 TIMESTAMP = SPACE } \t| && |{ lv_time3 TIMESTAMP = ISO } \t|. WRITE:/ lv_str3. SET COUNTRY ''. lv_str3 = |{ lv_date1 } \t| && |{ lv_num6 } \t|. WRITE:/ lv_str3. "转换Timestamp DATA:lv_timestamp TYPE timestamp. DATA:lv_timezone TYPE ttzz-tzone VALUE 'AFGHAN'. DATA:lv_timestamp_date TYPE D. DATA:lv_timestamp_time TYPE T. DATA:lv_timestamp_dst TYPE C. "如果是summer time，返回‘X’,否则'' GET TIME STAMP FIELD lv_timestamp. "转换 CONVERT TIME STAMP lv_timestamp TIME ZONE lv_timezone INTO DATE lv_timestamp_date TIME lv_timestamp_time DAYLIGHT SAVING TIME lv_timestamp_dst. WRITE:/ lv_timestamp_date,lv_timestamp_time,lv_timestamp_dst. "位表达式 "语法 *[BIT-NOT] operand1 *[{BIT-AND|BIT-OR|BIT-XOR} [BIT-NOT] operand2 *[{BIT-AND|BIT-OR|BIT-XOR} [BIT-NOT] operand3 *... ]] DATA:bit_num1 TYPE X VALUE '0F'. DATA:bit_num2 TYPE X VALUE 'F0'. DATA:bit_num3 TYPE X. "与运算 bit_num3 = bit_num1 BIT-AND bit_num2. WRITE:/ bit_num3. "或运算 bit_num3 = bit_num1 BIT-OR bit_num2. WRITE:/ bit_num3. "异或运算 bit_num3 = bit_num1 BIT-XOR bit_num2. WRITE:/ bit_num3. "非运算 bit_num3 = BIT-NOT bit_num3. WRITE:/ bit_num3. ENDFORM.