Linux静默安装oracle 11G
静默安装Oracle 11g
1、修改主机名及hosts
[root@localhost ~]# hostname
localhost.localdomain
[root@localhost ~]# hostname oracledb
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts
2、关闭selinux和防火墙
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0 // 不重启系统生效
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config # 修改为SELINUX=disabled 重启系统后生效
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service # 查看状态
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service # 停止 firewall
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service # 禁止 firewall 开机启动
3、安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc make binutils gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static elfutils-libelf-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel pcre-devel
4、检查依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# rpm --query --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{VERSION}.%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n" gcc make binutils gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static ksh libaio libaio-devel numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel pcre-devel
5、创建Oracle用户及所属组
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd dba
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
6、 修改内核参数
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 1073741824
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
7、使内核参数生效
[root@localhost ~]# sysctl -p
8、修改用户的限制文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
9、修改/etc/pam.d/login文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
10、修改/etc/profile文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
11、创建安装目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /home/oracle/app/oracle/inventory
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/app/oracle
[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 775 /home/oracle/app/oracle
#!/bin/bash
mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
mkdir /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata
mkdir /home/oracle/app/oracle/inventory
mkdir /home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /home/oracle/app/oracle
12、配置oracle用户的环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ vim .bash_profile
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ source /home/oracle/.bash_profile
export LANG=en_US
export NSL_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/network/lib
13、 解压
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ exit
[root@localhost ~]# unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
[root@localhost ~]# unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
14、移动解压后的文件,并修改所属用户
[root@localhost Tools]# mv database/ /home/oracle
[root@localhost Tools]# cd /home/oracle
[root@localhost oracle]# chown -R oracle:oinstall database/
[root@localhost oracle]# chown -R oracle:oinstall app/
15、配置静默安装响应文件
[root@localhost response]# su - oracle
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ cd database/response/
[oracle@oracledb response]$ cp db_install.rsp db_install.rsp.bak # 备份
[oracle@oracledb response]$ vim db_install.rsp
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY // 29行
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracledb // 37行
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall // 42行
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/home/oracle/app/oracle/inventory // 49行
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN // 86行
ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0 // 91行
ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app/oracle // 96行
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE // 107行
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba // 154行
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba // 160行
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true // 400行
16、执行安装
[oracle@oracledb response]$ cd /home/oracle/database/
[oracle@oracledb database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -ignoreSysPrereqs -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp
17、以root用户执行脚本
[root@localhost ~]# sh /home/oracle/app/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh
[root@localhost ~]# sh /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh
18、创建监听
[oracle@oracledb database]$ cd /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin
[oracle@oracledb bin]$ ./netca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp
19、建库
[oracle@oracledb bin]$ cd /home/oracle/database/response
[oracle@oracledb response]$ cp dbca.rsp dbca.rsp.bak
[oracle@oracledb response]$ vim dbca.rsp
[oracle@oracledb response]$ vim dbca.rsp
[oracle@oracledb bin]$ cd /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin
[oracle@oracledb bin]$ ./dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp
GDBNAME = "orcl" // 78行
SID = "orcl" // 170行
SYSPASSWORD = "Yangxiaopeng214" // 211行
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "Yangxiaopeng214" // 221行
SYSMANPASSWORD = "Yangxiaopeng214" // 252行
DBSNMPPASSWORD = "Yangxiaopeng214" // 262行
DATAFILEDESTINATION =/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata // 360行
RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area // 370行
CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK" // 418行
TOTALMEMORY = "2048" // 553行
20、验证
[oracle@oracledb bin]$ lsnrctl status # 查看监听状态
[oracle@oracledb bin]$ lsnrctl restart # 重启监听
[oracle@oracledb bin]$ lsnrctl stop # 停止监听
[oracle@oracledb bin]$ lsnrctl start # 启动监听
[oracle@oracledb bin]$ sqlplus
- 输入用户名和密码
- select sysdate from dual;
其他
- 启动服务
先启动监听,再启动数据库
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ lsnrctl start # 启动监听
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ sqlplus /nolog # 打开sqlplus
SQL> conn / as sysdba # 连接数据库
SQL> startup # 启动数据库
SQL> shutdown # 关闭数据库
SQL> exit # 退出
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ lsnrctl stop # 停止监听