搭建linux+nginx+mysql+php环境
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make zlib zlib-devel pcre pcre-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers
说明：
操作系统：CentOS 5.6 32位
准备篇：
一、配置好IP、DNS 、网关，确保使用远程连接工具能够连接服务器
二、配置防火墙，开启80端口、3306端口
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT #允许80端口通过防火墙
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT #允许3306端口通过防火墙
特别提示：很多网友把这两条规则添加到防火墙配置的最后一行，导致防火墙启动失败，正确的应该是添加到默认的22端口这条规则的下面
添加好之后防火墙规则如下所示：
#########################################################
# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
#########################################################
/etc/init.d/iptables restart #最后重启防火墙使配置生效
三、关闭SELINUX
vi /etc/selinux/config
#SELINUX=enforcing #注释掉
#SELINUXTYPE=targeted #注释掉
SELINUX=disabled #增加
:wq 保存，关闭
shutdown -r now #重启系统
四 、系统约定
软件源代码包存放位置：/usr/local/src
源码包编译安装位置：/usr/local/软件名字
五、软件包
nginx-1.2.2.tar.gz，mysql-5.5.25a.tar.gz，php-5.3.5.tar.gz，libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
安装：
安装mysql
groupadd mysql #添加mysql组
useradd -g mysql mysql -s /bin/false #创建用户mysql并加入到mysql组，不允许mysql用户直接登录系统
mkdir -p /data/mysql #创建MySQL数据库存放目录
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql #设置MySQL数据库目录权限
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql #创建MySQL安装目录
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf mysql-5.5.25a.tar.gz #解压
cd mysql-5.5.25a
前提依赖包
1、
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++
2、安装make
3、yum install ncurses-devel
4、yum install bison
cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc#配置
(默认配置gbk编码：cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=gbk -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=gbk_chinese_ci -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc)
注意：如果编译错误要（rm -rf CMakeCache.txt）
make #编译
make install #安装
cd /usr/local/mysql
cp ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf#拷贝配置文件（注意：如果/etc目录下面默认有一个my.cnf，直接覆盖即可）
vi /etc/my.cnf #编辑配置文件,在 [mysqld] 部分增加下面一行
datadir = /data/mysql #添加MySQL数据库路径
:wq! #保存退出
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql #生成mysql系统数据库
（报错：yum -y install perl perl-devel）
cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld #把Mysql加入系统启动
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld #增加执行权限
chkconfig mysqld on #加入开机启动
vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld #编辑
basedir = /usr/local/mysql #MySQL程序安装路径
datadir = /data/mysql #MySQl数据库存放目录
service mysqld start #启动
vi /etc/profile #把mysql服务加入系统环境变量：在最后添加下面这一行
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
:wq! #保存退出
下面这两行把myslq的库文件链接到系统默认的位置，这样你在编译类似PHP等软件时可以不用指定mysql的库文件地址。
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql
shutdown -r now #需要重启系统，等待系统重新启动之后继续在终端命令行下面操作
mysql_secure_installation #设置Mysql密码
根据提示按Y 回车
然后输入2次密码
继续按Y 回车，直到设置完成
或者直接修改密码/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p password "123456"#修改密码
service mysqld restart #重启
到此，mysql安装完成！
安装pcre
cd /usr/local/src
mkdir /usr/local/pcre #创建安装目录
tar zxvf pcre-8.31.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.31
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre #配置
make
make install
安装 yum install openssl*
安装 nginx
cd /usr/local/src
groupadd www #添加www组
useradd -g www www -s /bin/false #创建nginx运行账户www并加入到www组，不允许www用户直接登录系统
tar zxvf nginx-1.2.2.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.2.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --without-http_memcached_module --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-openssl=/usr/ --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.39注意:--with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.39指向的是源码包解压的路径，而不是安装的路径，否则会报错 make make install /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #启动nginx 设置nginx开启启动 vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #编辑启动文件添加下面内容 ======================================================= #!/bin/bash # nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server # it is v.0.0.2 version. # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server. # It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone. # processname: nginx # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid # config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf nginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf nginx_pid=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid RETVAL=0 prog="nginx" # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network # Check that networking is up. [ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0 [ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0 # Start nginx daemons functions. start() { if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then echo "nginx already running...." exit 1 fi echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config} RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx return $RETVAL } # Stop nginx daemons functions. stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc $nginxd RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid } reload() { echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " #kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}` killproc $nginxd -HUP RETVAL=$? echo } # See how we were called. case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; reload) reload ;; restart) stop start ;; status) status $prog RETVAL=$? ;; *) echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}" exit 1 esac exit $RETVAL :wq! #保存退出 chmod 775 /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #赋予文件执行权限 chkconfig nginx on #设置开机启动 /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx restart #重启 service nginx restart ======================================================= 安装libmcrypt cd /usr/local/src tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz #解压 cd libmcrypt-2.5.8 #进入目录 ./configure #配置 make #编译 make install #安装 ======================================================= 1、安装 libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz 2、yum install libxml2 3、 yum install libxml2-devel -y 4、yum -y install curl-devel 安装php cd /usr/local/src tar -zvxf php-5.3.5.tar.gz cd php-5.3.5 mkdir -p /usr/local/php5 #建立php安装目录
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5 --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php5/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-gd --with-iconv --with-zlib --enable-xml --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --enable-ftp --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear --with-gettext --enable-session --with-mcrypt --with-curl #配置make #编译 make install #安装 cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini #复制php配置文件到安装目录 rm -rf /etc/php.ini #删除系统自带配置文件 ln -s /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini /etc/php.ini #添加软链接 cp /usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf#拷贝模板文件为php-fpm配置文件 vi /usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf #编辑 user = www #设置php-fpm运行账号为www group = www #设置php-fpm运行组为www pid = run/php-fpm.pid #取消前面的分号 设置 php-fpm开机启动 cp /usr/local/src/php-5.3.5/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm#拷贝php-fpm到启动目录 chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm #添加执行权限 chkconfig php-fpm on #设置开机启动 vi /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini #编辑配置文件 找到：disable_functions = 修改为：
disable_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,escapeshellcmd,dll,popen,disk_free_space,checkdnsrr,checkdnsrr,getservbyname,getservbyport,disk_total_space,posix_ctermid,posix_get_last_error,posix_getcwd, posix_getegid,posix_geteuid,posix_getgid, posix_getgrgid,posix_getgrnam,posix_getgroups,posix_getlogin,posix_getpgid,posix_getpgrp,posix_getpid, posix_getppid,posix_getpwnam,posix_getpwuid, posix_getrlimit, posix_getsid,posix_getuid,posix_isatty, posix_kill,posix_mkfifo,posix_setegid,posix_seteuid,posix_setgid, posix_setpgid,posix_setsid,posix_setuid,posix_strerror,posix_times,posix_ttyname,posix_uname======================================================= 配置nginx支持php vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf #编辑配置文件,需做如下修改 user www www; #首行user去掉注释,修改Nginx运行组为www www；必须与/usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf中的user,group配置相同，否则php运行出错
location / {
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
index index.PHP index.html index.htm;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
try_files $uri =404;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}