spring如何管理mybatis(一) ----- 动态代理接口
问题来源
最近在集成spring和mybatis时遇到了很多问题,从网上查了也解决了,但是就是心里有点别扭,想看看到底怎么回事,所以跟了下源码,终于发现了其中的奥妙。
问题分析
首先我们来看看基本的配置。
spring的配置:
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${db.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${db.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${db.userName}"/>
<property name="password" value="${db.password}"/>
<property name="maxActive" value="${druid.maxActive}">property>
<property name="maxWait" value="${druid.maxWait}">property>
bean>
<bean id="mSqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:mapper/*.xml"/>
bean>
<bean id="mapperScannerConfigurer" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.zex.dao" />
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="mSqlSessionFactory">property>
bean>
<bean id="transactionManagermeta"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
bean>
<tx:annotation-driven/>
mapper文件和dao接口
controller层代码
源码跟踪
首先我们分解下spring-mybatis配置信息,数据库配置不说了,我们来看看sqlSessionFactory的配置
<bean id="mSqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:mapper/*.xml"/> bean>
这个配置,主要是把SqlSessionFactoryBean用spring管理起来了,我们一起来看看这个bean的作用
/**
* {@code FactoryBean} that creates an MyBatis {@code SqlSessionFactory}.
* This is the usual way to set up a shared MyBatis {@code SqlSessionFactory} in a Spring application context;
* the SqlSessionFactory can then be passed to MyBatis-based DAOs via dependency injection.
*
* Either {@code DataSourceTransactionManager} or {@code JtaTransactionManager} can be used for transaction
* demarcation in combination with a {@code SqlSessionFactory}. JTA should be used for transactions
* which span multiple databases or when container managed transactions (CMT) are being used.
*/
这是这个类的注释:这个类主要用来创建Mybatis需要的SqlSessionFactory,在spring的上下文共享这个类。这里可以看出这个类用来
管理mybatis的配置信息,讲mybatis的信息管理载spring中,我们看下基本属性。
public class SqlSessionFactoryBean implements FactoryBean, InitializingBean, ApplicationListener { private static final Log LOGGER = LogFactory.getLog(SqlSessionFactoryBean.class); private Resource configLocation; private Configuration configuration; private Resource[] mapperLocations; private DataSource dataSource; private TransactionFactory transactionFactory; private Properties configurationProperties; private SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder(); private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory; //EnvironmentAware requires spring 3.1 private String environment = SqlSessionFactoryBean.class.getSimpleName(); private boolean failFast; private Interceptor[] plugins; private TypeHandler<?>[] typeHandlers; private String typeHandlersPackage; private Class<?>[] typeAliases; private String typeAliasesPackage; private Class<?> typeAliasesSuperType; //issue #19. No default provider. private DatabaseIdProvider databaseIdProvider; private Class<? extends VFS> vfs; private Cache cache; private ObjectFactory objectFactory; private ObjectWrapperFactory objectWrapperFactory;
}
这里我们看到了有个
private Resource configLocation;
这个属性用来管理mybatis基本配置信息的xml的位置,sqlSessionFactoryBean会根据这个配置加载Configuration,当然我们也可以通过这个类中
其他的参数来配置,例如typeHandler,typeAliasesPackages等等,这些既可以在Configuration的xml中配置,也可以直接配置。所以这个bean主要作用就是生成configuration,
然后通过sqlSessionFactoryBuilder来创建sqlSessionFactory,可以说最重要的就是创建这个sqlSessionFactory。
接下来我们看看SqlSessionTemplate
<bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate"> <constructor-arg index="0" ref="mSqlSessionFactory"/> bean>
SqlSessionTemplate这个类实现了mybatis的sqlSession,mybatis的sqlSession主要是执行数据库操作,spring实现了SqlSessionTemplate这个类,主要是讲mybatis对数据库的
操作转嫁到spring中来,让spring来进行数据的操作。我们看看这个类的属性。
public class SqlSessionTemplate implements SqlSession { private final SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory; private final ExecutorType executorType; private final SqlSession sqlSessionProxy; private final PersistenceExceptionTranslator exceptionTranslator; /** * Constructs a Spring managed SqlSession with the {@code SqlSessionFactory} * provided as an argument. * * @param sqlSessionFactory */ public SqlSessionTemplate(SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) { this(sqlSessionFactory, sqlSessionFactory.getConfiguration().getDefaultExecutorType()); } /** * Constructs a Spring managed SqlSession with the {@code SqlSessionFactory} * provided as an argument and the given {@code ExecutorType} * {@code ExecutorType} cannot be changed once the {@code SqlSessionTemplate} * is constructed. * * @param sqlSessionFactory * @param executorType */ public SqlSessionTemplate(SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory, ExecutorType executorType) { this(sqlSessionFactory, executorType, new MyBatisExceptionTranslator( sqlSessionFactory.getConfiguration().getEnvironment().getDataSource(), true)); } /** * Constructs a Spring managed {@code SqlSession} with the given * {@code SqlSessionFactory} and {@code ExecutorType}. * A custom {@code SQLExceptionTranslator} can be provided as an * argument so any {@code PersistenceException} thrown by MyBatis * can be custom translated to a {@code RuntimeException} * The {@code SQLExceptionTranslator} can also be null and thus no * exception translation will be done and MyBatis exceptions will be * thrown * * @param sqlSessionFactory * @param executorType * @param exceptionTranslator */ public SqlSessionTemplate(SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory, ExecutorType executorType, PersistenceExceptionTranslator exceptionTranslator) { notNull(sqlSessionFactory, "Property 'sqlSessionFactory' is required"); notNull(executorType, "Property 'executorType' is required"); this.sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactory; this.executorType = executorType; this.exceptionTranslator = exceptionTranslator; this.sqlSessionProxy = (SqlSession) newProxyInstance( SqlSessionFactory.class.getClassLoader(), new Class[] { SqlSession.class }, new SqlSessionInterceptor()); }
这个类包含有四个基本的属性,其中的SqlSessionFactory就是我们之前通过SqlSessionFactoryBean生成的那个SqlSessionFactory,他的作用是提供Configation,
另一个重要的属性就是SqlSessionProxy这个类其实是个代理类,代理的Mybatis的sqlSession接口,这样他就可以拥有MyBatis的sqlSession的所有方法了。这个代理类在执行的时候
其实是走的
SqlSessionInterceptor的invoke方法
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable { final SqlSession sqlSession = getSqlSession( SqlSessionTemplate.this.sqlSessionFactory, SqlSessionTemplate.this.executorType, SqlSessionTemplate.this.exceptionTranslator); try { Object result = method.invoke(sqlSession, args); if (!isSqlSessionTransactional(sqlSession, SqlSessionTemplate.this.sqlSessionFactory)) { // force commit even on non-dirty sessions because some databases require // a commit/rollback before calling close() sqlSession.commit(true); } return result; } catch (Throwable t) { Throwable unwrapped = unwrapThrowable(t); if (SqlSessionTemplate.this.exceptionTranslator != null && unwrapped instanceof PersistenceException) { Throwable translated = SqlSessionTemplate.this.exceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible((PersistenceException) unwrapped); if (translated != null) { unwrapped = translated; } } throw unwrapped; } finally { closeSqlSession(sqlSession, SqlSessionTemplate.this.sqlSessionFactory); } }
这个方法就是获取真实的sqlSession然后调用数据库的操作。
ok,以上就是spring和mybatis的整合点,接下来我们看看是如何只通过一个接口就能操作数据库的,肯定用的是代理模式,只是mybatis用的太好了。
首先我们来看个类,MapperFactoryBean
/** * BeanFactory that enables injection of MyBatis mapper interfaces. It can be set up with a * SqlSessionFactory or a pre-configured SqlSessionTemplate. *** Sample configuration: * *
* {@code ** * ** * * ** * * } **
* Note that this factory can only inject interfaces, not concrete classes.
*
* @author Eduardo Macarron
*
* @see SqlSessionTemplate
*/
public class MapperFactoryBean 这个类就是可以注入mapper接口的工厂类,可以理解为他可以通过接口生产一个代理类用来调用接口的工作,首先他是个FactoryBean可以通过getObject(),获取到他管理的bean, 这个类最主要的就是传入一个sqlSessionFactory。 我们先来看看一般的用法 我们看到将这个类由spring管理,然后注入sqlSessionFactory,然后又用其他的类去继承它并注入接口,这样这个接口就被管理起来了,生成了代理类。我们在获取这个接口的时候得到的其实就是代理类。不过这样子有点麻烦,我们每次都要进行接口的配置,所以spring提供了org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer这个类来管理所有的接口了,这个类会所有所有的配置的包中的接口,然后将每个接口的定义设置好生成代理相应的信息。 我们重点看下 这三行代码,指定了mapper接口的类型--MapperFactoryBean,以及相应的接口信息,这样bean的定义就指定了必要的信息,当spring创建这个mapper接口对应的bean的时候就会生成相应的MapperFactoryBean类,当需要接口实例时就会调用MapperFactoryBean的getObject()方法获取相应的bean。 这个方法就是获取mapper接口对应的代理类,这个方法给我们上了一堂如何完美利用jdk代理类的课。建议大家可以研究下。这里不是我们的重点,就不带大家研读了。 解决这个问题对我们有什么好处呢,首先我们可以在这个过程中更加熟悉spring的bean的创建过程,以及mybatis的代理的生成过程,以及spring-mybatis集成的相关了解,了解这个我们可以更好的写一些类去设计和mybatis更好地连接。 <bean id="baseMapper" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperFactoryBean" abstract="true" lazy-init="true">
* <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory" />
* bean>
*
* <bean id="oneMapper" parent="baseMapper">
* <property name="mapperInterface" value="my.package.MyMapperInterface" />
* bean>
*
* <bean id="anotherMapper" parent="baseMapper">
* <property name="mapperInterface" value="my.package.MyAnotherMapperInterface" />
* bean>
@Override
public Set
definition.getPropertyValues().add("mapperInterface", definition.getBeanClassName());
definition.setBeanClass(MapperFactoryBean.class);
definition.getPropertyValues().add("addToConfig", this.addToConfig);
@Override
public T getObject() throws Exception {
return getSqlSession().getMapper(this.mapperInterface);
}
问题总结