springboot-mvc:入参日期类型转换String->Date


4种方式:

1.通过在application.ym中配置 spring.mvc.data-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss ,使用的是ParserConverter

  • 优点:简单的配置就可以,很方便
  • 缺点:只能设置一种格式生效(ps:可以通过addFormatterForFieldType方法设置多种格式,但是它内部维护的是一个linkedList,会将最后设置的addFirst,查找时从头开始找,找到即返回,所以生效的始终是最后设置的那个格式),参考如下配置,当传入yyyy/MM/dd这种格式时会报错
    第一步:
    spring:
      mvc:
        date-format: yyyy/MM/dd
    
    第二步:
    @Configuration
    public class TestAutoConfiguration {
    
        @Bean
        BeanPost beanPost() {
            return new BeanPost();
        }
    
    }
    
    class BeanPost implements BeanPostProcessor {
    
        @Override
        public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
            if (bean instanceof FormattingConversionService) {
                FormattingConversionService conversionService = (FormattingConversionService)bean;
                conversionService.addFormatterForFieldType(Date.class, new DateFormatter("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
            }
            return bean;
        }
    }
    
  • 原理:在WebMvcAutoConfiguration中会注入一个FormattingConversionService,用于解析入参的类型转换,FormattingConversionService中维护了一个converters
WebMvcAutoConfiguration {
               @Bean
		@Override
		public FormattingConversionService mvcConversionService() {
			WebConversionService conversionService = new WebConversionService(
					this.mvcProperties.getDateFormat());
			addFormatters(conversionService);
			return conversionService;
		}
}

WebMvcProperties{
    private String dateFormat;
  ...
}

FormattingConversionService ...{
  private final GenericConversionService.Converters converters = new GenericConversionService.Converters();
  ...
}

再来看下这个converters对象,里面维护了一个map,map的key是ConvertiblePair,包含了转换的sourceType和targetType,value是ConvertersForPair,里面的list是可以真正用于转换操作的converter的集合,就是上面提到的会linkedList

 private static class Converters {
        private final Set globalConverters;
        private final Map converters;
        ...
}

 public static final class ConvertiblePair {
        private final Class<?> sourceType;
        private final Class<?> targetType;
        ...
}

 private static class ConvertersForPair {
        private final LinkedList converters;
        ...
}

 了解到上面的结构之后,就可以清楚的知道当一个请求进入之后的参数绑定过程,但是在调试的过程中发现一个问题,就是这段代码

@Override
	@Nullable
	public final Object resolveArgument(MethodParameter parameter, @Nullable ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
			NativeWebRequest webRequest, @Nullable WebDataBinderFactory binderFactory) throws Exception {

		NamedValueInfo namedValueInfo = getNamedValueInfo(parameter);
		MethodParameter nestedParameter = parameter.nestedIfOptional();

		Object resolvedName = resolveStringValue(namedValueInfo.name);
		if (resolvedName == null) {
			throw new IllegalArgumentException(
					"Specified name must not resolve to null: [" + namedValueInfo.name + "]");
		}

		Object arg = resolveName(resolvedName.toString(), nestedParameter, webRequest);
		if (arg == null) {
			if (namedValueInfo.defaultValue != null) {
				arg = resolveStringValue(namedValueInfo.defaultValue);
			}
			else if (namedValueInfo.required && !nestedParameter.isOptional()) {
				handleMissingValue(namedValueInfo.name, nestedParameter, webRequest);
			}
			arg = handleNullValue(namedValueInfo.name, arg, nestedParameter.getNestedParameterType());
		}
		else if ("".equals(arg) && namedValueInfo.defaultValue != null) {
			arg = resolveStringValue(namedValueInfo.defaultValue);
		}

		if (binderFactory != null) {
			WebDataBinder binder = binderFactory.createBinder(webRequest, null, namedValueInfo.name);
			try {
				arg = binder.convertIfNecessary(arg, parameter.getParameterType(), parameter);
			}
			catch (ConversionNotSupportedException ex) {
				throw new MethodArgumentConversionNotSupportedException(arg, ex.getRequiredType(),
						namedValueInfo.name, parameter, ex.getCause());
			}
			catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
				throw new MethodArgumentTypeMismatchException(arg, ex.getRequiredType(),
						namedValueInfo.name, parameter, ex.getCause());

			}
		}

		handleResolvedValue(arg, namedValueInfo.name, parameter, mavContainer, webRequest);
		return arg;
	}

 跟进去看到这个方法执行时返回的始终是SimpleTypeConverter,那如果不是这个SimpleTypeConverter会不会跟上面的执行过程不一样呢?

protected TypeConverter getTypeConverter() {
		if (getTarget() != null) {
			return getInternalBindingResult().getPropertyAccessor();
		}
		else {
			return getSimpleTypeConverter();
		}
	}

 带着这个疑问,继续翻源码,可以看到是因为在上一步的WebDataBinder binder = binderFactory.createBinder(webRequest, null, namedValueInfo.name);时,target写死了是null,所以才会返回SimpleTypeConverter,这样的话是不是可以有另一种方式传入一个target呢?目前看到的入口就是这里,好像改不了

2.在Date类型的入参上加上注解 @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"),使用的是AnnotationParserConverter,本质上也是使用ParserConverter

  • 优点:可以针对不同的参数要求灵活配置
  • 缺点:每一个Date类型的参数都需要配置,增加代码量,这种converter属于default,配置了第一种方式也会有这个converter存在,但是它在linkedList中的位置在后面,会被第一种覆盖掉,也不知道是为什么还要加进去.........  
    	public WebConversionService(String dateFormat) {
    		super(false);
    		this.dateFormat = StringUtils.hasText(dateFormat) ? dateFormat : null;
    		if (this.dateFormat != null) {
    			addFormatters();
    		}
    		else {
    			addDefaultFormatters(this);
    		}
    	}
    @Override public void addFormatterForFieldAnnotation(AnnotationFormatterFactory<? extends Annotation> annotationFormatterFactory) { Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType = getAnnotationType(annotationFormatterFactory); if (this.embeddedValueResolver != null && annotationFormatterFactory instanceof EmbeddedValueResolverAware) { ((EmbeddedValueResolverAware) annotationFormatterFactory).setEmbeddedValueResolver(this.embeddedValueResolver); } Set> fieldTypes = annotationFormatterFactory.getFieldTypes(); for (Class<?> fieldType : fieldTypes) { addConverter(new AnnotationPrinterConverter(annotationType, annotationFormatterFactory, fieldType)); addConverter(new AnnotationParserConverter(annotationType, annotationFormatterFactory, fieldType)); } }
  • 原理:
       AnnotationParserConverter{
              ...
                 @Override
    		@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    		@Nullable
    		public Object convert(@Nullable Object source, TypeDescriptor sourceType, TypeDescriptor targetType) {
    			Annotation ann = targetType.getAnnotation(this.annotationType);
    			if (ann == null) {
    				throw new IllegalStateException(
    						"Expected [" + this.annotationType.getName() + "] to be present on " + targetType);
    			}
    			AnnotationConverterKey converterKey = new AnnotationConverterKey(ann, targetType.getObjectType());
    			GenericConverter converter = cachedParsers.get(converterKey);
    			if (converter == null) {
    				Parser<?> parser = this.annotationFormatterFactory.getParser(
    						converterKey.getAnnotation(), converterKey.getFieldType());
    				converter = new ParserConverter(this.fieldType, parser, FormattingConversionService.this);
    				cachedParsers.put(converterKey, converter);
    			}
    			return converter.convert(source, sourceType, targetType);
    		}
    }
    
          ParserConverter {
    ... @Nullable public Object convert(@Nullable Object source, TypeDescriptor sourceType, TypeDescriptor targetType) { String text = (String) source; if (!StringUtils.hasText(text)) { return null; } Object result; try { result = this.parser.parse(text, LocaleContextHolder.getLocale()); } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) { throw ex; } catch (Throwable ex) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parse attempt failed for value [" + text + "]", ex); } TypeDescriptor resultType = TypeDescriptor.valueOf(result.getClass()); if (!resultType.isAssignableTo(targetType)) { result = this.conversionService.convert(result, resultType, targetType); } return result; } }

3.自定义converter,本质就是将自定义的converter放到第一种的那个linkedList的头部

  • 优点:统一管理,可以配置多个formatter
  • 缺点:目前没有发现,哈哈
@Component
public class DateConverterConfig implements Converter {

    private static final List formarts = new ArrayList<>(4);
    static {
        formarts.add("yyyy-MM");
        formarts.add("yyyy-MM-dd");
        formarts.add("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm");
        formarts.add("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
    }

    @Override
    public Date convert(String source) {
        String value = source.trim();
        if ("".equals(value)) {
            return null;
        }
        if (source.matches("^\\d{4}-\\d{1,2}$")) {
            return parseDate(source, formarts.get(0));
        } else if (source.matches("^\\d{4}-\\d{1,2}-\\d{1,2}$")) {
            return parseDate(source, formarts.get(1));
        } else if (source.matches("^\\d{4}-\\d{1,2}-\\d{1,2} {1}\\d{1,2}:\\d{1,2}$")) {
            return parseDate(source, formarts.get(2));
        } else if (source.matches("^\\d{4}-\\d{1,2}-\\d{1,2} {1}\\d{1,2}:\\d{1,2}:\\d{1,2}$")) {
            return parseDate(source, formarts.get(3));
        } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid boolean value '" + source + "'");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 格式化日期
     * 
     * @param dateStr String 字符型日期
     * @param format String 格式
     * @return Date 日期
     */
    public Date parseDate(String dateStr, String format) {
        Date date = null;
        try {
            DateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(format);
            date = dateFormat.parse(dateStr);
        } catch (Exception e) {

        }
        return date;
    }

}

通过下面的方式将所有的bean加进去,所以也是可以覆盖的

		@Override
		public void addFormatters(FormatterRegistry registry) {
			for (Converter<?, ?> converter : getBeansOfType(Converter.class)) {
				registry.addConverter(converter);
			}
			for (GenericConverter converter : getBeansOfType(GenericConverter.class)) {
				registry.addConverter(converter);
			}
			for (Formatter<?> formatter : getBeansOfType(Formatter.class)) {
				registry.addFormatter(formatter);
			}
		}

4.通过@InitBinder,绑定CustomDateEditor,此方式可以覆盖第一种,某个类中的可以覆盖全局的,因为底层维护的是一个map,全局的会优先读取,后面的会按照你文件中写的顺序加载

上面的三种方式查找converter是一样的流程editor==null,具体参考org.springframework.beans.TypeConverterDelegate#convertIfNecessary(java.lang.String, java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object, java.lang.Class, org.springframework.core.convert.TypeDescriptor)方法,第四种方式的editor!=null,直接使用editor去解析

全局配置
@ControllerAdvice public class CoreAspect { @InitBinder protected void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) { SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, new CustomDateEditor(dateFormat, true)); } }
某个类单独配置 @RestController @RequestMapping("/api") public class TestController { @InitBinder protected void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) { SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss"); binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, new CustomDateEditor(dateFormat, true)); } @RequestMapping("/test") public Object test(Date date) { // Date date = new Date(); return date.getTime(); } }

 这种方式每次请求都会去执行initBinder,如果只是一个全局的设置,感觉效率会比第一种方式低,简单的验证了一下,时间上好像差不多,感觉可以忽略掉了,(前三种方式需要从converts里面去查找,里面有一系列的循环操作,第四种虽然每次都去执行initBinder方法,但是最后是直接使用editor去解析的),只是本人自己的认知,如有异议,欢迎反驳

第一种方式 第四种方式/类中单独配置 第四种方式/全局配置
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 参考链接:https://blog.csdn.net/eumenides_/article/details/79033505