汇总OpenStack在生产环境下遇到的各种问题
1.冷迁移和升降配
# 1.配置各计算节点nova用户免密互信
usermod -s /bin/bash nova
echo "NOVA_PASS"|passwd --stdin nova
su - nova
ssh-keygen -t rsa -N '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
ssh-copy-id nova@compute01
ssh-copy-id nova@compute02
# 2.设置允许在同一台主机升降配和迁移
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT allow_resize_to_same_host true
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT allow_migrate_to_same_host true
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT resize_confirm_window 1
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT scheduler_default_filters \
RetryFilter,AvailabilityZoneFilter,RamFilter,ComputeFilter,ComputeCapabilitiesFilter,ImagePropertiesFilter,ServerGroupAntiAffinityFilter,ServerGroupAffinityFilter
# 3.重启计算节点的计算服务
systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute.service
2.Build of instance aborted: Volume did not finish being created even after we waited 191 seconds or 61 attempts. And its status is downloading.
# 解决方法：在nova.conf中有一个控制卷设备重试的参数：block_device_allocate_retries，可以通过修改此参数延长等待时间。该参数默认值为60，这个对应了之前实例创建失败消息里的61 attempts。我们可以将此参数设置的大一点，例如：180。这样Nova组件就不会等待卷创建超时，也即解决了此问题。修改了此参数后，需要重启Nova组件各个服务，配置才能生效。
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT block_device_allocate_retries 180
systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute.service
3.Nova scheduler :Host has more disk space than database expected.
# 解决方法：空间不足，可以通过配置超分比解决。即修改cpu_allocation_ratio、ram_allocation_ratio、disk_allocation_ratio参数。
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT cpu_allocation_ratio 4
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT ram_allocation_ratio 1.5
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT disk_allocation_ratio 2
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT reserved_host_memory_mb 2048
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT reserved_host_disk_mb 20480
systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute.service
4.Failed to allocate the network(s), not rescheduling.
# 解决方法：超时导致。
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT vif_plugging_is_fatal false
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT vif_plugging_timeout 0
systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute.service
5.AMQPLAIN login refused: user 'openstack' - invalid credentials.
# 解决方法：一般是由于rabbitmq的用户名密码不对导致，检查nova-api库的cell_mappings表，查看数据库中rabbitmq的用户名密码。
mysql -uroot -p
MariaDB [(none)]> use nova_api;
MariaDB [nova_api]> select transport_url from cell_mappings where name="cell1";
MariaDB [nova_api]> \q
6.虚拟机桥接网卡mac地址放行（原理同Keepalived VIP放行）
neutron port-list
neutron port-show b9d47bd7-04e7-4bba-8c6a-7bcae212407f
neutron port-update b9d47bd7-04e7-4bba-8c6a-7bcae212407f --allowed-address-pairs ip_address=172.18.1.0/24,mac_address=fa:16:3e:aa:15:a0
neutron port-update --no-allowed-address-pairs b9d47bd7-04e7-4bba-8c6a-7bcae212407f