1
#include
2 using namespace std;
3
4 double a[100005], b[100005];
5 double power(double a, int n) {
6 double res = 1.0;
7 for (; n; n >>= 1, a = a * a) {
8 if (n & 1) res = res * a;
9 }
10 return res;
11 }
12 int n, k; double p;
13 void solve() {
14 cin >> n >> k >> p;
15 memset(a, 0, sizeof(a));
16 memset(b, 0, sizeof(b));
17 a[0] = 1.0;
18 b[0] = 1.0;
19 for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
20 b[i] = a[i - 1] *(1 - p);
21 if (i < k) a[i] = b[i] + a[i - 1] * p;
22 else a[i] = b[i] + a[i - 1] * p - b[i - k] * power(p, k);
23 }
24 printf("%.4f\n", 1 - a[n]);
25 }
26 int main() {
27 int tt;
28 cin >> tt;
29
30
31 while (tt--) {
32 solve();
33 }
34
35 }