转载引用https://blog.csdn.net/fanjianhai?spm=1011.2124.3001.5348

1. 基本概念

2. Web服务器

3. Tomcat

# 4. Http

4.3. Http请求

4.4. Http响应

5. Maven

https://github.com/fanjianhai/kuangshen/tree/master/0.IDEA%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95

6. Servlet

6.3. Servlet原理

2. 一个 Servlet可以指定多个映射路径

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>helloservlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.xiaofan.servlet.HelloServletservlet-class>
  servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>helloservlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/hellourl-pattern>
  servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>helloservlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/hello1url-pattern>
  servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>helloservlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/hello2url-pattern>
  servlet-mapping>

3. 一个Servlet可以指定通用映射路径

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>helloservlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/hello/*url-pattern>
  servlet-mapping>

注意定义后缀，不用设置前面的路径，默认会匹配上

6. 优先级问题

   指定了固有的映射路径优先级最高，如果找不到就会走默认的处理

• 共享数据

• 获取初始化参数

    String url = this.getServletContext().getInitParameter("url");

  <context-param>
    <param-name>urlparam-name>
    <param-value>www.baidu.comparam-value>
  context-param>

• 请求转发

  this.getServletContext().getRequestDispatcher("/index").forward(req, resp);

• 读取资源文件Properties

  
  <build>
    <resources>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/javadirectory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.propertiesinclude>
          <include>**/*.xmlinclude>
        includes>
        <filtering>falsefiltering>
      resource>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/resourcesdirectory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.propertiesinclude>
          <include>**/*.xmlinclude>
        includes>
        <filtering>falsefiltering>
      resource>
    resources>
  build>

// 注意路径的取法
InputStream inputStream = this.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/classes/db.properties");
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.load(inputStream);
String username = properties.getProperty("username");
String password = properties.getProperty("password");
System.out.println("username:" + username + "\npassword: " + password);

6.4. Response下载文件

public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {
?
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String realPath = "D:\\JavaWebLocalProject\\javaweb-01-servlet\\servlet-01\\target\\servlet-01-1.0-SNAPSHOT\\WEB-INF\\classes\\abc.jpg";
?
        System.out.println(realPath);
        String fileName = realPath.substring(realPath.lastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
?
        resp.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+ URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));
?
        FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(realPath);
?
        ServletOutputStream out = resp.getOutputStream();
?
        int len = 0;
?
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
?
        while ((len = in.read(buffer)) > 0) {
            out.write(buffer, 0, len);
        }
?
        in.close();
        out.close();
?
    }
?
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

6.5 验证码的生成

package com.xiaofan.servlet;
?
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
?
public class ImageServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.setHeader("refresh", "3");
?
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(80, 20, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);
?
        Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
?
        g.setColor(Color.white);
        g.fillRect(0,0, 80, 20);
?
        g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
        g.setFont(new Font(null, Font.BOLD, 20));
        g.drawString(makeNum(), 0, 20);
?
        resp.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        resp.setDateHeader("expires", -1);
        resp.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
        resp.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
?
        ImageIO.write(image, "jpeg", resp.getOutputStream());
    }
?
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
?
    private String makeNum() {
        Random random = new Random();
        String num  = random.nextInt(9999999) + "";
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
?
        for (int i = 0;i < 7-num.length();i ++) {
            sb.append("0");
        }
        num = sb.toString() + num;
        return num;
    }
}
?

6.6. 转发重定向

7 Cookie和Session

package com.xiaofan.servlet;
?
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Date;
?
public class CookieServlet extends HttpServlet {
?
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 解决中文乱码
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
?
        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
?
        // 服务器从客户端获取cookie
        Cookie[] cookies = req.getCookies();
?
        if (cookies != null) {
            out.write("您上一次的访问时间是：");
?
            for (int i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {
                Cookie cookie = cookies[i];
                if (cookie.getName().equals("lastLoginTime")) {
                    // 获取cookie中的值
                    long lastLoginTime = Long.parseLong(cookie.getValue());
                    Date date = new Date(lastLoginTime);
                    out.write(date.toLocaleString());
                }
            }
            
        } else {
            out.write("这是您第一次访问本站！");
        }
?
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("lastLoginTime", System.currentTimeMillis() + "");
        resp.addCookie(cookie);
    }
?
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

7.1. Session(重点)

package com.xiaofan.servlet;
?
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
?
public class SessionServlet extends HttpServlet {
?
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req, resp);
    }
?
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 解决乱码问题
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
?
        // 得到session
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("name", "小李飞刀");
?
        // 获取sessionId
        String sessionId = session.getId();
?
        if (session.isNew()) {
            resp.getWriter().write("session 创建成功！ID：" + sessionId);
        } else {
            resp.getWriter().write("session已经在服务器中！！");
        }
?
?
?
    }
}

package com.xiaofan.servlet;
?
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
?
public class SessionServlet1 extends HttpServlet {
?
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req, resp);
    }
?
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 解决乱码问题
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
?
        // 得到session
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
?
        String name = (String) session.getAttribute("name");
?
        System.out.println(name);
?
?
    }
}

package com.xiaofan.servlet;
?
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
?
public class SessionServlet2 extends HttpServlet {
?
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req, resp);
    }
?
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 得到session
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        session.removeAttribute("name");
        session.invalidate();
?
    }
}
?

<session-config>
    
    <session-timeout>15session-timeout>
session-config>

8 Jsp

    *Jstl表达式用到了查一下就可以*

9. MVC三层架构

10. Filter