第5章 Elasticsearch 集成


5.1 Spring Data 框架集成

5.1.1 Spring Data 框架介绍

  Spring Data 是一个用于简化数据库、非关系型数据库、索引库访问,并支持云服务的 开源框架。其主要目标是使得对数据的访问变得方便快捷,并支持 map-reduce 框架和云计 算数据服务。 Spring Data 可以极大的简化 JPA(Elasticsearch?)的写法,可以在几乎不用 写实现的情况下,实现对数据的访问和操作。除了 CRUD 外,还包括如分页、排序等一些 常用的功能。   Spring Data 的官网:https://spring.io/projects/spring-data Spring Data 常用的功能模块如下:

5.1.2 Spring Data Elasticsearch 介绍

  Spring Data Elasticsearch 基于 spring data API 简化 Elasticsearch 操作,将原始操作 Elasticsearch 的客户端 API 进行封装 。Spring Data 为 Elasticsearch 项目提供集成搜索引擎。 Spring Data Elasticsearch POJO 的关键功能区域为中心的模型与 Elastichsearch 交互文档和轻 松地编写一个存储索引库数据访问层。 官方网站: https://spring.io/projects/spring-data-elasticsearch

5.1.3 Spring Data Elasticsearch 版本对比

目前最新 springboot 对应 Elasticsearch7.6.2,Spring boot2.3.x 一般可以兼容 Elasticsearch7.x

5.1.4 框架集成

1. 创建 Maven 项目 2. 修改 pom 文件,增加依赖关系
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
 <parent>
 <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
 <version>2.3.6.RELEASEversion>
 <relativePath/>
 parent>
 <groupId>com.atguigu.esgroupId>
 <artifactId>springdata-elasticsearchartifactId>
 <version>1.0version>
 <properties>
 <maven.compiler.source>8maven.compiler.source>
 <maven.compiler.target>8maven.compiler.target>
 properties>
 <dependencies>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
 <artifactId>lombokartifactId>
 dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearchartifactId>
 dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-devtoolsartifactId>
<scope>runtimescope>
 <optional>trueoptional>
 dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
 <scope>testscope>
 dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-testartifactId>
 dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>junitgroupId>
 <artifactId>junitartifactId>
 dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
 <artifactId>spring-testartifactId>
 dependency>
 dependencies>
project>
3. 增加配置文件 在 resources 目录中增加 application.properties 文件
# es 服务地址
elasticsearch.host=127.0.0.1
# es 服务端口
elasticsearch.port=9200
# 配置日志级别,开启 debug 日志
logging.level.com.atguigu.es=debug
4. SpringBoot 主程序
package com.atguigu.es;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringDataElasticSearchMainApplication {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
 
SpringApplication.run(SpringDataElasticSearchMainApplication.class,args);
 } }
5. 数据实体类
package com.atguigu.es;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@ToString
public class Product {
 private Long id;//商品唯一标识
 private String title;//商品名称
private String category;//分类名称
 private Double price;//商品价格
 private String images;//图片地址
}
6. 配置类 ● ElasticsearchRestTemplate 是 spring-data-elasticsearch 项目中的一个类,和其他 spring 项目中的 template 类似。 ● 在新版的 spring-data-elasticsearch 中,ElasticsearchRestTemplate 代替了原来的 ElasticsearchTemplate。 ● 原因是 ElasticsearchTemplate 基于 TransportClient,TransportClient 即将在 8.x 以后的版本中移除。所 以,我们推荐使用 ElasticsearchRestTemplate。 ● ElasticsearchRestTemplate 基 于 RestHighLevelClient 客户端的。需要自定义配置类,继承 AbstractElasticsearchConfiguration,并实现 elasticsearchClient()抽象方法,创建 RestHighLevelClient 对 象。
package com.atguigu.es;
import lombok.Data;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClientBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import 
org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.config.AbstractElasticsearchConfigura
tion;
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "elasticsearch")
@Configuration
@Data
public class ElasticsearchConfig extends AbstractElasticsearchConfiguration {
 private String host ;
 private Integer port ;
 //重写父类方法
 @Override
 public RestHighLevelClient elasticsearchClient() {
 RestClientBuilder builder = RestClient.builder(new HttpHost(host, port));
 RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient = new 
RestHighLevelClient(builder);
 return restHighLevelClient;
 } }
7. DAO 数据访问对象
package com.atguigu.es;
import 
org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repository.ElasticsearchRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository
public interface ProductDao extends ElasticsearchRepository {
}
8. 实体类映射操作
package com.atguigu.es;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Field;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.FieldType;
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@ToString
@Document(indexName = "shopping", shards = 3, replicas = 1)
public class Product {
 //必须有 id,这里的 id 是全局唯一的标识,等同于 es 中的"_id"
 @Id
 private Long id;//商品唯一标识
 /**
 * type : 字段数据类型
 * analyzer : 分词器类型
 * index : 是否索引(默认:true)
 * Keyword : 短语,不进行分词
 */
 @Field(type = FieldType.Text, analyzer = "ik_max_word")
 private String title;//商品名称
 @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword)
 private String category;//分类名称
 @Field(type = FieldType.Double)
 private Double price;//商品价格
 @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword, index = false)
 private String images;//图片地址
}
9. 索引操作
package com.atguigu.es;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.ElasticsearchRestTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringDataESIndexTest {
 //注入 ElasticsearchRestTemplate
 @Autowired
 private ElasticsearchRestTemplate elasticsearchRestTemplate;
 //创建索引并增加映射配置
 @Test
 public void createIndex(){
 //创建索引,系统初始化会自动创建索引
 System.out.println("创建索引");
 }
 @Test
public void deleteIndex(){
 //创建索引,系统初始化会自动创建索引
 boolean flg = elasticsearchRestTemplate.deleteIndex(Product.class);
 System.out.println("删除索引 = " + flg);
 } }
10. 文档操作
package com.atguigu.es;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringDataESProductDaoTest {
 @Autowired
 private ProductDao productDao;
 /**
 * 新增
 */
 @Test
 public void save(){
 Product product = new Product();
 product.setId(2L);
 product.setTitle("华为手机");
 product.setCategory("手机");
 product.setPrice(2999.0);
 product.setImages("http://www.atguigu/hw.jpg");
 productDao.save(product);
 }
 //修改
 @Test
 public void update(){
 Product product = new Product();
 product.setId(1L);
 product.setTitle("小米 2 手机");
 product.setCategory("手机");
 product.setPrice(9999.0);
 product.setImages("http://www.atguigu/xm.jpg");
 productDao.save(product);
 }
 //根据 id 查询
 @Test
 public void findById(){
 Product product = productDao.findById(1L).get();
 System.out.println(product);
 }
 //查询所有
@Test
 public void findAll(){
 Iterable products = productDao.findAll();
 for (Product product : products) {
 System.out.println(product);
 }
 }
 //删除
 @Test
 public void delete(){
 Product product = new Product();
 product.setId(1L);
 productDao.delete(product);
 }
 //批量新增
 @Test
 public void saveAll(){
 List productList = new ArrayList<>();
 for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
 Product product = new Product();
 product.setId(Long.valueOf(i));
 product.setTitle("["+i+"]小米手机");
 product.setCategory("手机");
 product.setPrice(1999.0+i);
 product.setImages("http://www.atguigu/xm.jpg");
 productList.add(product);
 }
 productDao.saveAll(productList);
 }
 //分页查询
 @Test
 public void findByPageable(){
 //设置排序(排序方式,正序还是倒序,排序的 id)
 Sort sort = Sort.by(Sort.Direction.DESC,"id");
 int currentPage=0;//当前页,第一页从 0 开始,1 表示第二页
 int pageSize = 5;//每页显示多少条
 //设置查询分页
 PageRequest pageRequest = PageRequest.of(currentPage, pageSize,sort);
 //分页查询
 Page productPage = productDao.findAll(pageRequest);
 for (Product Product : productPage.getContent()) {
 System.out.println(Product);
 }
 } }
11. 文档搜索
package com.atguigu.es;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.TermQueryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringDataESSearchTest {
 @Autowired
 private ProductDao productDao;
 /**
 * term 查询
 * search(termQueryBuilder) 调用搜索方法,参数查询构建器对象
 */
 @Test
 public void termQuery(){
 TermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("title", "
小米");
 Iterable products = productDao.search(termQueryBuilder);
 for (Product product : products) {
 System.out.println(product);
 }
 }
 /**
 * term 查询加分页
 */
 @Test
 public void termQueryByPage(){
 int currentPage= 0 ;
 int pageSize = 5;
 //设置查询分页
 PageRequest pageRequest = PageRequest.of(currentPage, pageSize);
 TermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("title", "
小米");
 Iterable products = 
productDao.search(termQueryBuilder,pageRequest);
 for (Product product : products) {
 System.out.println(product);
 }
 } }

5.2 Spark Streaming 框架集成

5.2.1 Spark Streaming 框架介绍

  Spark Streaming 是 Spark core API 的扩展,支持实时数据流的处理,并且具有可扩展, 高吞吐量,容错的特点。数据可以从许多来源获取,如 Kafka,Flume,Kinesis 或 TCP sockets, 并且可以使用复杂的算法进行处理,这些算法使用诸如 map,reduce,join 和 window 等高 级函数表示。 最后,处理后的数据可以推送到文件系统,数据库等。 实际上,您可以将 Spark 的机器学习和图形处理算法应用于数据流。

5.2.2 框架集成

1. 创建 Maven 项目 

2. 修改 pom 文件,增加依赖关系
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
 <groupId>com.atguigu.esgroupId>
 <artifactId>sparkstreaming-elasticsearchartifactId>
 <version>1.0version>
 <properties>
 <maven.compiler.source>8maven.compiler.source>
 <maven.compiler.target>8maven.compiler.target>
 properties>
 <dependencies>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.sparkgroupId>
 <artifactId>spark-core_2.12artifactId>
 <version>3.0.0version>
 dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.sparkgroupId>
 <artifactId>spark-streaming_2.12artifactId>
 <version>3.0.0version>
 dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.elasticsearchgroupId>
 <artifactId>elasticsearchartifactId>
 <version>7.8.0version>
 dependency>

 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.elasticsearch.clientgroupId>
 <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-clientartifactId>
 <version>7.8.0version>
 dependency>
 
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4jgroupId>
 <artifactId>log4j-apiartifactId>
 <version>2.8.2version>
 dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4jgroupId>
 <artifactId>log4j-coreartifactId>
 <version>2.8.2version>
 dependency>











 dependencies>
project>
3. 功能实现
package com.atguigu.es
import org.apache.http.HttpHost
import org.apache.spark.SparkConf
import org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream.ReceiverInputDStream
import org.apache.spark.streaming.{Seconds, StreamingContext}
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest
import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.CreateIndexRequest
import org.elasticsearch.client.{RequestOptions, RestClient, 
RestHighLevelClient}
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentType
import java.util.Date
object SparkStreamingESTest {
 def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
 val sparkConf = new 
SparkConf().setMaster("local[*]").setAppName("ESTest")
 val ssc = new StreamingContext(sparkConf, Seconds(3))
 val ds: ReceiverInputDStream[String] = ssc.socketTextStream("localhost", 
9999)
 ds.foreachRDD(
 rdd => {
 println("*************** " + new Date())
 rdd.foreach(
 data => {
 val client = new RestHighLevelClient(
RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, 
"http"))
 );
 // 新增文档 - 请求对象
 val request = new IndexRequest();
 // 设置索引及唯一性标识
 val ss = data.split(" ")
 println("ss = " + ss.mkString(","))
 request.index("sparkstreaming").id(ss(0));
 val productJson =
 s"""
 | { "data":"${ss(1)}" }
 |""".stripMargin;
 // 添加文档数据,数据格式为 JSON 格式
 request.source(productJson,XContentType.JSON);
 // 客户端发送请求,获取响应对象
 val response = client.index(request, 
RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
 System.out.println("_index:" + response.getIndex());
 System.out.println("_id:" + response.getId());
 System.out.println("_result:" + response.getResult());
 client.close()
 }
 )
 }
 )
 ssc.start()
 ssc.awaitTermination()
 } }

5.3 Flink 框架集成

5.3.1 Flink 框架介绍

  Apache Spark 是一种基于内存的快速、通用、可扩展的大数据分析计算引擎。   Apache Spark 掀开了内存计算的先河,以内存作为赌注,赢得了内存计算的飞速发展。 但是在其火热的同时,开发人员发现,在 Spark 中,计算框架普遍存在的缺点和不足依然没 有完全解决,而这些问题随着 5G 时代的来临以及决策者对实时数据分析结果的迫切需要而 凸显的更加明显: ● 数据精准一次性处理(Exactly-Once) ● 乱序数据,迟到数据 ● 低延迟,高吞吐,准确性 ● 容错性 Apache Flink 是一个框架和分布式处理引擎,用于对无界和有界数据流进行有状态计算。在 Spark 火热的同时,也默默地发展自己,并尝试着解决其他计算框架的问题。 慢慢地,随着这些问题的解决,Flink 慢慢被绝大数程序员所熟知并进行大力推广,阿里公 司在 2015 年改进 Flink,并创建了内部分支 Blink,目前服务于阿里集团内部搜索、推荐、 广告和蚂蚁等大量核心实时业务。

5.3.2 框架集成

1. 创建 Maven 项目

2. 修改 pom 文件,增加相关依赖类库
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
 <groupId>com.atguigu.esgroupId>
 <artifactId>flink-elasticsearchartifactId>
 <version>1.0version>
 <properties>
 <maven.compiler.source>8maven.compiler.source>
 <maven.compiler.target>8maven.compiler.target>
 properties>
 <dependencies>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.flinkgroupId>
 <artifactId>flink-scala_2.12artifactId>
 <version>1.12.0version>
 dependency>
 <dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.flinkgroupId>
 <artifactId>flink-streaming-scala_2.12artifactId>
 <version>1.12.0version>
 dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.flinkgroupId>
 <artifactId>flink-clients_2.12artifactId>
 <version>1.12.0version>
 dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.flinkgroupId>
 <artifactId>flink-connector-elasticsearch7_2.11artifactId>
 <version>1.12.0version>
 dependency>
 
 <dependency>
 <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.coregroupId>
 <artifactId>jackson-coreartifactId>
 <version>2.11.1version>
 dependency>
 dependencies>
project>
3. 功能实现 
package com.atguigu.es;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.functions.RuntimeContext;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStreamSource;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import 
org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchSinkFunctio
n;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.elasticsearch.RequestIndexer;
import 
org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.elasticsearch7.ElasticsearchSink;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.client.Requests;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class FlinkElasticsearchSinkTest {
 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
 StreamExecutionEnvironment env = 
StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
 DataStreamSource source = env.socketTextStream("localhost", 
9999);
 List httpHosts = new ArrayList<>();
 httpHosts.add(new HttpHost("127.0.0.1", 9200, "http"));
 //httpHosts.add(new HttpHost("10.2.3.1", 9200, "http"));
// use a ElasticsearchSink.Builder to create an ElasticsearchSink
 ElasticsearchSink.Builder esSinkBuilder = new 
ElasticsearchSink.Builder<>(
httpHosts,
 new ElasticsearchSinkFunction() {
 public IndexRequest createIndexRequest(String element) {
 Map json = new HashMap<>();
 json.put("data", element);
 return Requests.indexRequest()
 .index("my-index")
 //.type("my-type")
 .source(json);
 }
 @Override
 public void process(String element, RuntimeContext ctx, 
RequestIndexer indexer) {
 indexer.add(createIndexRequest(element));
 }
 }
 );
// configuration for the bulk requests; this instructs the sink to emit after 
every element, otherwise they would be buffered
 esSinkBuilder.setBulkFlushMaxActions(1);
// provide a RestClientFactory for custom configuration on the internally created 
REST client
// esSinkBuilder.setRestClientFactory(
// restClientBuilder -> {
// restClientBuilder.setDefaultHeaders(...)
// restClientBuilder.setMaxRetryTimeoutMillis(...)
// restClientBuilder.setPathPrefix(...)
// restClientBuilder.setHttpClientConfigCallback(...)
// }
// );
 source.addSink(esSinkBuilder.build());
 env.execute("flink-es");
 } }