mysql练习题emp,dept


DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS `emp`;
CREATE DATABASE `emp`;
USE emp;
 CREATE TABLE `dept`(
    `deptno` INT(2) NOT NULL, 
    `dname` VARCHAR(14),
    `loc` VARCHAR(13),
    CONSTRAINT pk_dept PRIMARY KEY(deptno)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
 SELECT *FROM  dept;
 INSERT INTO dept VALUES (10,'ACCOUNTING','NEW YORK'); 
INSERT INTO dept VALUES (20,'RESEARCH','DALLAS'); 
INSERT INTO dept VALUES (30,'SALES','CHICAGO');  
INSERT INTO dept VALUES (40,'OPERATIONS','BOSTON');
CREATE TABLE `emp` (
    `empno` INT(4) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
    `ename` VARCHAR(10),  
    `job` VARCHAR(9),  
    `mgr` INT(4),  
    `hiredate` DATE,  
    `sal` FLOAT(7,2),  
    `comm` FLOAT(7,2),  
    `deptno` INT(2),
    CONSTRAINT fk_deptno FOREIGN KEY(deptno) REFERENCES dept(deptno)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
SELECT *FROM emp;
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7369,'SMITH','CLERK',7902,'1980-12-17',800,NULL,20); 
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7499,'ALLEN','SALESMAN',7698,'1981-02-20',1600,300,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7521,'WARD','SALESMAN',7698,'1981-02-22',1250,500,30); 
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7566,'JONES','MANAGER',7839,'1981-04-02',2975,NULL,20); 
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7654,'MARTIN','SALESMAN',7698,'1981-09-28',1250,1400,30); 
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7698,'BLAKE','MANAGER',7839,'1981-05-01',2850,NULL,30); 
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7782,'CLARK','MANAGER',7839,'1981-06-09',2450,NULL,10); 
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7788,'SCOTT','ANALYST',7566,'1987-07-13',3000,NULL,20); 
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7839,'KING','PRESIDENT',NULL,'1981-11-07',5000,NULL,10); 
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7844,'TURNER','SALESMAN',7698,'1981-09-08',1500,0,30); 
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7876,'ADAMS','CLERK',7788,'1987-07-13',1100,NULL,20); 
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7900,'JAMES','CLERK',7698,'1981-12-03',950,NULL,30); 
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7902,'FORD','ANALYST',7566,'1981-12-03',3000,NULL,20); 
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7934,'MILLER','CLERK',7782,'1982-01-23',1300,NULL,10);
SELECT *FROM emp;
CREATE TABLE `salgrade` (  
    `grade` INT, 
    `losal` INT,  
    `hisal` INT
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; 
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (1,700,1200); 
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (2,1201,1400); 
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (3,1401,2000); 
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (4,2001,3000); 
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (5,3001,9999);
SELECT *FROM salgrade;
-- SQL练习训练一sal工资,comm奖金,mgr 经理编号
-- 1、 选择部门30中的雇员
SELECT *FROM emp WHERE deptno='30';
-- 2、 检索emp表中的员工姓名、月收入及部门编号
SELECT ename 姓名,sal 月收入,empno 部门编号 FROM emp;

-- 3、 检索emp表中员工姓名、及雇佣时间(雇佣时间按照yyyy-mm-dd显示)
 SELECT ename 姓名,hiredate 雇佣时间 FROM emp;
-- 4、 检索emp表中的部门编号及工种,并去掉重复行 
SELECT DISTINCT empno 部门编号,job 工种 FROM emp;
-- 5、 检索emp表中的员工姓名及全年的月收入 
SELECT ename 姓名,sal*12 年收入 FROM emp;
-- 6、 用姓名显示员工姓名,用年收入显示全年月收入。 
SELECT ename 姓名,sal*12 年收入 FROM emp;
-- 7、 检索月收入大于2000的员工姓名及月收入 
SELECT ename 姓名,sal 月收入 FROM emp WHERE sal>2000;
-- 8、 检索月收入在1000元到2000元的员工姓名、月收入及雇佣时间  
SELECT ename 姓名,sal 月收入 FROM emp WHERE sal<=2000 AND sal>=1000;
-- 9、 检索以S开头的员工姓名及月收入
SELECT ename 姓名,sal 月收入 FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE 's%';
-- 10、检索emp表中月收入是800的或是1250的员工姓名及部门编号
SELECT ename 姓名, empno 部门编号 FROM emp WHERE sal='800'OR sal='1250';
-- 11、显示在部门20中岗位是CLERK的所有雇员信息 
SELECT *FROM (SELECT *FROM emp WHERE job='CLERK') s WHERE s.deptno='20';
-- 12、显示工资高于2500或岗位为MANAGER的所有雇员信息 
SELECT *FROM emp WHERE sal>2500 OR job='MANAGER';
-- 13、检索emp表中有奖金的员工姓名、月收入及奖金 
SELECT ename 姓名,sal 月收入,comm 奖金 FROM emp WHERE comm>0;
-- 14、检索emp表中部门编号是30的员工姓名、月收入及提成,并要求其结果按月收入升序、然后按提成降序显示 
SELECT s.ename 姓名,s.sal 月收入,s.mgr 提成 FROM(SELECT *FROM emp WHERE deptno='30' ORDER BY sal ASC) s ORDER BY s.mgr DESC;
-- 15、列出所有办事员的姓名、编号和部门(姓名对不上)
SELECT  a.ename 姓名,a.empno ,b.deptno FROM dept a LEFT JOIN emp b WHERE a.ename=b.dname;
-- 17、找出部门10中所有经理和部门20中的所有办事员的详细资料
SELECT *FROM emp WHERE (deptno='10' AND job='MANAGER') OR (deptno ='20' AND job='CLERK');
-- 18、找出部门10中所有经理、部门20中所有办事员,既不是经理又不是办事员但其薪金>=2000的所有雇员的详细资料
SELECT *FROM emp WHERE (deptno='10' AND job='MANAGER') OR (deptno ='20' AND job='CLERK')OR (job NOT IN('MANAGER','CLERK') AND sal>=2000);

-- 19、找出收取奖金的雇员的不同工作
SELECT DISTINCT job 工作 FROM emp WHERE comm>0;
-- 20、找出不收取奖金或收取的奖金低于100的雇员 
SELECT ename 姓名 FROM emp WHERE comm<100 OR comm IS NULL;
-- 21、找出各月倒数第三天受雇的所有雇员
SELECT ename 各月倒数三天受雇人姓名 FROM emp WHERE DAYOFMONTH(LAST_DAY(hiredate))-DAYOFMONTH(hiredate)<=3;
SELECT LAST_DAY(hiredate) FROM emp;
SELECT DAYOFMONTH(LAST_DAY(hiredate)) FROM emp;

SELECT DAYOFMONTH(hiredate) FROM emp;

-- select DAYOFMONTH(now())


-- 22、获取当前日期所在月的最后一天
SELECT CURDATE();                       -- 获取当前日期
SELECT DATE_ADD(CURDATE(),INTERVAL -DAY(CURDATE())+1 DAY)   -- 获取本月第一天
SELECT LAST_DAY(CURDATE());   -- 获取当月最后一天
SELECT DATE_ADD(CURDATE()-DAY(CURDATE())+1,INTERVAL 1 MONTH ) -- 获取下个月的第一天
SELECT DATEDIFF(DATE_ADD(CURDATE()-DAY(CURDATE())+1,INTERVAL 1 MONTH ),DATE_ADD(CURDATE(),INTERVAL -DAY(CURDATE())+1 DAY)) FROM DUAL -- 获取当前月的天数
-- 23、找出早于25年之前受雇的雇员
SELECT *FROM emp WHERE DATE_ADD(NOW(),INTERVAL -25 YEAR)>hiredate;

-- 24、显示正好为6个字符的雇员姓名
SELECT *FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE '%______'; 
SELECT *FROM emp WHERE LENGTH(ename)='6';
-- 25、显示不带有'R'的雇员姓名
SELECT *FROM emp WHERE ename  NOT LIKE '%R%';
-- 26、显示雇员的详细资料,按姓名排序
SELECT *FROM emp ORDER BY ename;
-- 27、显示雇员姓名,根据其服务年限,将最老的雇员排在最前面 
 SELECT ename 姓名,hiredate FROM emp ORDER BY hiredate;
-- 28、显示所有雇员的姓名、工作和薪金,按工作的降序顺序排序,而工作相同时按薪金升序
SELECT t.ename 姓名,t.job 工作,t.sal 薪金 FROM(SELECT * FROM emp ORDER BY job DESC) t ORDER BY t.sal ASC;
-- 29、显示所有雇员的姓名和加入公司的年份和月份,按雇员受雇日所在月排序,将最早年份的项目排在最前面 
SELECT t.ename 姓名, YEAR(t.hiredate) 年份, MONTH(t.hiredate)月份  FROM(SELECT *FROM emp ORDER BY DAY(hiredate))t ORDER BY YEAR(t.hiredate);
-- 30、显示在一个月为30天的情况下所有雇员的日薪金
SELECT sal/30 日薪金 FROM emp WHERE  DAY(LAST_DAY(hiredate));
SELECT LAST_DAY(hiredate) FROM emp;
-- 31、找出在(任何年份的)2月受聘的所有雇员
SELECT ename 姓名,MONTH(hiredate) 月份 FROM emp WHERE MONTH(hiredate)=2;
-- 32、对于每个雇员,显示其加入公司的天数
SELECT ename 姓名,TIMESTAMPDIFF(DAY,hiredate,NOW()) 加入公司天数 FROM emp;
-- 33、显示姓名字段的任何位置,包含 "A" 的所有雇员的姓名 
SELECT SUBSTRING(ename,1,1)第一个字母,SUBSTRING(ename,2,1)第二个字母,SUBSTRING(ename,3,1)第三个字母,SUBSTRING(ename,4,1)第四个字母,SUBSTRING(ename,5,1)第六个字母,SUBSTRING(ename,6,1)第五个字母,ename 姓名 FROM emp WHERE ename LIKE '%A%';
-- 34、以年、月和日显示所有雇员的服务年限 
SELECT ename 姓名, YEAR(hiredate) 年,MONTH(hiredate)月,DAY(hiredate) 日,TIMESTAMPDIFF(YEAR,hiredate,NOW()) 服务年数 FROM emp;
 
-- 35、选择公司中有奖金 (COMM不为空,且不为0) 的员工姓名,工资和奖金比例,按工资逆排序,奖金比例逆排序.
SELECT t.ename 有奖金员工姓名,t.sal 工资,t.comm 奖金 FROM ( SELECT *FROM emp WHERE comm>0 ORDER BY sal DESC) t ORDER BY t.comm DESC; 
-- 36、选择公司中没有管理者的员工姓名及job 
SELECT ename 姓名,job 工作 FROM emp WHERE job NOT IN('MANAGER','PRESIDENT');
-- 37、选择在1987年雇用的员工的姓名和雇用时间 
SELECT ename 姓名,hiredate 雇用时间 FROM emp WHERE YEAR(hiredate)=1987;
-- 38、选择在20或10号部门工作的员工姓名和部门号 
SELECT ename 姓名,deptno 部门号 FROM  emp WHERE deptno=10 OR deptno=20;
-- 39、选择雇用时间在1981-02-01到1981-05-01之间的员工姓名,职位(job)和雇用时间,按从早到晚排序. 
SELECT ename 姓名,job 职位,hiredate 雇佣时间 FROM emp WHERE hiredate>'1981-02-01' AND hiredate<'1981-05-01';
-- 40、选择工资不在5000到12000的员工的姓名和工资 
SELECT ename 姓名,sal 工资 FROM emp WHERE NOT sal>'5000' AND sal<'12000';
-- 41、查询员工号为7934的员工的姓名和部门号 
SELECT ename 姓名,deptno 部门号 FROM emp WHERE empno IN('7934');
-- 42、查询工资大于1200的员工姓名和工资
SELECT ename 姓名,sal 工资 FROM emp WHERE sal>1200;

-- 复杂查询
-- 1.  列出与“SCOTT”从事相同工作的所有员工及部门名称,部门人数。
SELECT ename 名字,dname 部门名称,(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM emp WHERE deptno=20) 人数 FROM emp,dept WHERE emp.`job`IN(SELECT emp.`JOB` FROM emp WHERE emp.`ENAME` = 'SCOTT')AND emp.`deptno`=dept.`deptno`;
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM emp WHERE deptno=20;

-- 2.  列出公司各个工资等级雇员的数量、平均工资。
SELECT salgrade.`GRADE` AS '薪资等级', COUNT(tt.`EMPNO`) AS '员工数' ,AVG(tt.sal)平均工资
FROM salgrade, 
(SELECT emp.`EMPNO`, emp.`SAL`FROM emp) AS tt WHERE tt.`SAL` >= salgrade.`LOSAL` AND tt.`SAL` <= salgrade.`HISAL`
GROUP BY salgrade.`GRADE`;
-- 3.  列出薪金高于在部门30工作的所有员工的薪金的员工姓名和薪金、部门名称。
   SELECT MAX(sal) FROM emp WHERE deptno=30;
   SELECT *FROM emp WHERE sal>(SELECT MAX(sal) FROM emp WHERE deptno=30);
   SELECT c.ename 姓名,c.sal 薪金,d.`dname` 部门名称 FROM dept AS d JOIN (SELECT *FROM emp WHERE sal>(SELECT MAX(sal) FROM emp WHERE deptno=30)) AS c WHERE d.`deptno`=c.deptno; 
-- 4.  列出在每个部门工作的员工数量、平均工资和平均服务期限。
SELECT AVG(sal),(SELECT COUNT(*)FROM emp GROUP BY deptno) FROM emp ;
SELECT COUNT(*)FROM emp GROUP BY deptno;
SELECT AVG(sal)FROM emp GROUP BY deptno;
SELECT COUNT(*),AVG(sal),AVG(YEAR(NOW())-YEAR(hiredate))FROM emp GROUP BY deptno;
-- 5.  列出所有员工的姓名、部门名称和工资。
SELECT e.`ename` 姓名,d.`dname` 部门名称,e.sal 工资 FROM emp e JOIN dept d ON e.`deptno`=d.`deptno`;
-- 6.  列出所有部门的详细信息和部门人数。
SELECT d.*,COUNT(*) 部门人数 FROM dept d JOIN emp e ON e.`deptno`=d.`deptno` GROUP BY deptno;
-- 7.  列出各种工作的最低工资及从事此工作的雇员姓名。
SELECT job, MIN(sal) FROM emp  GROUP BY job;
SELECT job, MIN(sal) FROM emp  GROUP BY job;

SELECT ename FROM emp e JOIN (SELECT job, MIN(sal) FROM emp  GROUP BY job) t WHERE e.`job`=t.job AND e.`sal`=MIN(sal); 
-- 8.  列出各个部门的MANAGER(经理)的最低薪金、姓名、部门名称、部门人数。
SELECT MIN(e.sal),e.`ename` FROM emp e JOIN dept t ON e.`deptno`=t.`deptno` WHERE job IN('MANAGER') GROUP BY t.`deptno`;
SELECT e.`sal`,e.`ename`, d.`dname`,COUNT=(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM emp WHERE job IN('MANAGER')GROUP BY deptno ) FROM emp e JOIN dept d ON e.`deptno`=d.`deptno` WHERE job IN('MANAGER')
-- 9.  列出所有员工的年工资,所在部门名称,按年薪从低到高排序。
 SELECT ename, sal*12 FROM emp ORDER BY sal*12 ASC;
-- 10. 查出某个员工的上级主管及所在部门名称,并要求出这些主管中的薪水超过3000
    SELECT mgr FROM emp WHERE ename='SMITH' 
    SELECT e.ename ,d.dname FROM emp e JOIN dept d ON e.deptno=d.deptno WHERE empno=(SELECT mgr FROM emp WHERE ename='SMITH') AND e.sal>3000;
-- 11. 求出部门名称中,带‘S’字符的部门员工的工资合计、部门人数。
   SELECT deptno FROM dept WHERE dname LIKE '%S%';-- 查询部门
   SELECT SUM(sal),COUNT(*)FROM emp WHERE deptno IN(SELECT deptno FROM dept WHERE dname LIKE '%S%') GROUP BY deptno;
-- 12. 给任职日期超过40年或者在87年雇佣的雇员加薪,加薪原则:10部门增长10%,20部门增长20%,30部门增长30%,依次类推。
     SELECT *FROM emp WHERE  YEAR(NOW())-YEAR(hiredate)>40 OR YEAR(hiredate)=1987;
     SELECT YEAR(NOW())-YEAR(hiredate)FROM emp;
     SELECT IF(emp.deptno=10,sal+sal*0.1,IF(emp.`sal`=20,sal+sal*0.2,IF(emp.`deptno`=30,sal+sal*0.3,'无'))) FROM emp WHERE YEAR(NOW())-YEAR(hiredate)>40 OR YEAR(hiredate)=1987; 
-- 13. 列出至少有一个员工的所有部门的信息:
     SELECT COUNT(*)FROM emp GROUP BY deptno;
     SELECT   deptno FROM emp  ;
     SELECT *FROM emp LEFT JOIN dept ON dept.`deptno`=emp.`deptno` GROUP BY dept.`dname`  HAVING COUNT(emp.`empno`)>=5;
     SELECT dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名', COUNT(emp.`EMPNO`) AS '员工个数'
FROM dept LEFT JOIN emp ON dept.`DEPTNO` = emp.`DEPTNO`
GROUP BY dept.`DNAME` HAVING COUNT(emp.`EMPNO`) >= 5;
-- 14. 列出薪水比“SMITH”多的所有员工信息

SELECT *FROM emp WHERE emp.`SAL` > (SELECT emp.`SAL`FROM emp WHERE emp.`ENAME` = 'SMITH');


-- 15. 列出所有员工的姓名以及其直接上级的姓名:
SELECT DISTINCT e.ename 员工姓名,d.ename FROM emp e JOIN (SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE empno IN(SELECT mgr FROM emp WHERE ename=ename)) d; 
SELECT mgr FROM emp WHERE ename=ename;
SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE empno IN(SELECT mgr FROM emp WHERE ename=ename);

SELECT emp.`ENAME` AS '员工名称', tt.lname AS '领导名称'
FROM emp LEFT JOIN (
    SELECT emp.`EMPNO`, emp.`ENAME` AS 'lname'
    FROM emp 
    WHERE empno IN (SELECT mgr FROM emp)) AS tt ON emp.`MGR` = tt.empno;


-- 16. 列出受雇日期早于其直接上级的所有员工的编号、姓名,部门名称
SELECT t2.eno AS '编号', t2.ename AS '姓名', dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称', t2.ehiredate AS '员工受雇日期', t2.lhiredate AS '领导受雇日期'
FROM dept
INNER JOIN 
(
    SELECT emp.`EMPNO` AS 'eno', emp.`ENAME`, emp.`HIREDATE` AS 'ehiredate', t1.lhiredate, emp.`DEPTNO`
    FROM 
    emp LEFT JOIN 
    (
        SELECT emp.`EMPNO` AS 'lno', emp.`HIREDATE` AS 'lhiredate'
        FROM emp 
        WHERE empno IN 
        (
            SELECT mgr FROM emp
        ) -- 找出所有是领导的员工no
 
    ) AS t1
    ON emp.`MGR` = t1.lno
) AS t2
ON t2.deptno = dept.`DEPTNO`
WHERE t2.ehiredate <  t2.lhiredate OR t2.lhiredate IS NULL;
-- 17. 列出部门名称和这些部门的员工信息,同时列出那些没有员工的部门
SELECT dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称', emp.`ENAME` AS '员工名称', emp.`JOB` AS '职位', emp.`HIREDATE` AS '入职时间', emp.`SAL` AS '薪水'
FROM dept LEFT JOIN emp ON dept.`DEPTNO` = emp.`DEPTNO`;
 
 

-- 18. 列出所有"CLERK(职员)"的姓名以及部门名称,部门的人数
SELECT emp.`ENAME` AS '姓名', dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称', tt.emp_count AS '部门人数'
FROM emp LEFT JOIN dept ON emp.`DEPTNO` = dept.`DEPTNO`
INNER JOIN 
(
    SELECT dept.`DEPTNO`, COUNT(emp.`EMPNO`) AS 'emp_count'
    FROM dept LEFT JOIN emp ON dept.`DEPTNO` = emp.`DEPTNO`
    GROUP BY dept.`DEPTNO` 
 
) AS tt
ON emp.`DEPTNO` = tt.deptno
 
WHERE emp.`JOB` = 'CLERK';
-- 19. 列出最低薪金大于1500的各种工作以及从事此工作的全部雇员人数
SELECT emp.`JOB` AS '工作名称', COUNT(emp.`EMPNO`) AS '雇员人数'
FROM emp 
WHERE emp.`JOB` IN (
    SELECT emp.`JOB`
    FROM emp
    GROUP BY emp.`JOB` HAVING MIN(emp.`SAL`) >1500
)
GROUP BY emp.`JOB`;
-- 20. 列出在部门"SALES"工作的员工的姓名,假定不知道销售部的部门编号
SELECT emp.`ENAME` AS '销售部人员'
FROM emp
WHERE emp.`DEPTNO` = (
    SELECT dept.`DEPTNO`
    FROM dept
    WHERE dept.`DNAME` = 'sales'
);
-- 21. 列出薪金高于公司平均薪金的所有员工,所在部门,上级领导,公司的工资等级
SELECT t1.ename AS '员工名称', dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称', t2.ename AS '上级名称', t1.grade AS '工资等级', t1.sal AS '工资'
 
FROM 
(
    SELECT emp.`EMPNO`, emp.`DEPTNO`, emp.`ENAME`, emp.`SAL`, emp.`MGR`,salgrade.`GRADE`
    FROM emp, salgrade
    WHERE emp.`SAL` > (
        SELECT AVG(sal) AS 'avg_sal'
        FROM emp
    ) AND emp.`SAL` >= salgrade.`LOSAL` AND emp.`SAL` <= salgrade.`HISAL`
) AS t1
LEFT JOIN 
(
    SELECT emp.`EMPNO` AS 'mgr', emp.`ENAME` -- 注意这里是查出所有领导的empno,作为mgr编号
    FROM emp 
    WHERE emp.`EMPNO` IN 
    (
        SELECT DISTINCT(emp.`MGR`) -- 必须要distinct 不然查出来的mgr有重复,后面上层再查重复值接近笛卡尔积
        FROM emp
        WHERE mgr IS NOT NULL
    )
) AS t2
ON t1.mgr = t2.mgr
LEFT JOIN dept ON t1.deptno = dept.`DEPTNO`;
-- 22. 列出至少有一个员工的所有部门编号、名称,并统计出这些部门的平均工资、最低工资、最高工资。

-- 23. 列出薪金比“SMITH”或“ALLEN”多的所有员工的编号、姓名、部门名称、其领导姓名。
 
-- 24. 列出所有员工的编号、姓名及其直接上级的编号、姓名,显示的结果按领导年工资的降序排列。
SELECT emp.`EMPNO` AS '员工编号', emp.`ENAME` AS '员工名称', (emp.`SAL`*12) AS '年薪' 
FROM emp
ORDER BY 年薪 ASC; 
-- 25. 列出受雇日期早于其直接上级的所有员工的编号、姓名、部门名称、部门位置、部门人数。 
-- 26. 列出部门名称和这些部门的员工信息(数量、平均工资),同时列出那些没有员工的部门。
SELECT dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称', COUNT(emp.`EMPNO`) AS '员工数量', ROUND(AVG(emp.`SAL`), 2) AS '平均工资', t2.avg_year AS '平均服务年限'
FROM dept LEFT JOIN emp ON dept.`DEPTNO` = emp.`DEPTNO`
LEFT JOIN 
(
    SELECT t1.deptno, ROUND(AVG(t1.year), 0) AS 'avg_year' -- 四舍五入,保留0位小数
    FROM 
    (
        SELECT emp.`DEPTNO`, ROUND((TO_DAYS(NOW())-TO_DAYS(emp.`HIREDATE`))/366, 0) AS 'year'
        FROM emp
    ) AS t1
    GROUP BY t1.deptno
) AS t2 
ON dept.`DEPTNO` = t2.deptno
GROUP BY dept.`DEPTNO`; 
-- 27. 列出所有“CLERK”(办事员)的姓名及其部门名称,部门的人数,工资等级。
SELECT emp.`ENAME` AS '姓名', dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称', tt.emp_count AS '部门人数'
FROM emp LEFT JOIN dept ON emp.`DEPTNO` = dept.`DEPTNO`
INNER JOIN 
(
    SELECT dept.`DEPTNO`, COUNT(emp.`EMPNO`) AS 'emp_count'
    FROM dept LEFT JOIN emp ON dept.`DEPTNO` = emp.`DEPTNO`
    GROUP BY dept.`DEPTNO` 
 
) AS tt
ON emp.`DEPTNO` = tt.deptno
 
WHERE emp.`JOB` = 'CLERK';
-- 28. 列出最低薪金大于1500的各种工作及此从事此工作的全部雇员人数及所在部门名称、位置、平均工资。 
SELECT emp.`JOB` AS '工作名称', COUNT(emp.`EMPNO`) AS '雇员人数'
FROM emp 
WHERE emp.`JOB` IN (
    SELECT emp.`JOB`
    FROM emp
    GROUP BY emp.`JOB` HAVING MIN(emp.`SAL`) >1500
)
GROUP BY emp.`JOB`;
29. 列出在部门“SALES”(销售部)工作的员工的姓名、基本工资、雇佣日期、部门名称,假定不知道销售部的部门编号。 
30. 列出薪金高于公司平均薪金的所有员工,所在部门,上级领导,公司的工资等级。     
-- 31. 列出与“SCOTT”从事相同工作的所有员工及部门名称,部门人数。
SELECT emp.`EMPNO` AS '员工编号', emp.`ENAME` AS '员工名称', dept.`DNAME` AS '部门名称'-- , emp.`DEPTNO`
FROM emp, dept
WHERE emp.`JOB` = (
    SELECT emp.`JOB` -- 查询出SCOTT从事的职业
    FROM emp
    WHERE emp.`ENAME` = 'SCOTT'
) AND emp.`ENAME` <> 'SCOTT'
AND emp.`DEPTNO` = dept.`DEPTNO`;
-- 32. 查询dept表的结构
33. 检索emp表,用is a 这个字符串来连接员工姓名和工种两个字段
34. 检索emp表中有提成的员工姓名、月收入及提成。

SELECT *FROM emp WHERE deptno='20'
SELECT *FROM emp;
SELECT *FROM dept;
SELECT *FROM salgrade;