Android HTTP实例 发送请求和接收响应


 

Android HTTP实例 发送请求和接收响应

Android Http连接 实例:发送请求和接收响应

添加权限

  首先要在manifest中加上访问网络的权限: 

<manifest ... >
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    ...
manifest>

  完整的Manifest文件如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.httpdemo1"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="17" />
    
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /> 
    

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name="com.example.httpdemo1.HttpDemo1Activity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            intent-filter>
        activity>
    application>

manifest>

布局代码如下: 

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".HttpDemo1Activity" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/myWebTitle"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/requestBtn"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:text="Send Request" />

    <WebView
        android:id="@+id/webview"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_above="@id/requestBtn"
        android:layout_below="@id/myWebTitle" />

RelativeLayout>
activity_http_demo1.xml

 

主要的代码:  

package com.example.httpdemo1;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.webkit.WebView;
import android.widget.Button;

public class HttpDemo1Activity extends Activity
{
    private Button mSendReqBtn = null;// 发送请求的按钮
    private WebView mWebView = null;// 用于显示结果,用载入html字符串的方式显示响应结果,而不是使用WebView自己的方式加载URL

    // 响应
    private HttpResponse mHttpResponse = null;
    // 实体
    private HttpEntity mHttpEntity = null;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_http_demo1);

        mSendReqBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.requestBtn);
        mSendReqBtn.setOnClickListener(mSendClickListener);

        mWebView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview);
    }

    private OnClickListener mSendClickListener = new OnClickListener()
    {

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v)
        {
            // 生成一个请求对象
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/");
            // 生成一个Http客户端对象
            HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();

            // 下面使用Http客户端发送请求,并获取响应内容

            InputStream inputStream = null;
            try
            {
                // 发送请求并获得响应对象
                mHttpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
                // 获得响应的消息实体
                mHttpEntity = mHttpResponse.getEntity();

                // 获取一个输入流
                inputStream = mHttpEntity.getContent();

                BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(
                        new InputStreamReader(inputStream));

                String result = "";
                String line = "";

                while (null != (line = bufferedReader.readLine()))
                {
                    result += line;
                }

                // 将结果打印出来,可以在LogCat查看
                System.out.println(result);

                // 将内容载入WebView显示
                mWebView.getSettings().setDefaultTextEncodingName("UTF-8");
                // 直接使用mWebView.loadData(result, "text/html", "utf-8");会显示找不到网页

                // 换成下面的方式可以正常显示(但是比较宽,拖动可见百度logo)
                mWebView.loadDataWithBaseURL(null, result, "text/html",
                        "utf-8", null);
                
                // 直接载入URL也可以显示页面(但是此例子主要是为了验证响应返回的字符串是否正确,所以不用下面这行代码)
                // mWebView.loadUrl("http://www.baidu.com/");
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            finally
            {
                try
                {
                    inputStream.close();
                }
                catch (IOException e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

        }
    };

}

  程序运行结果如下:

 

参考资料

  Android开发视频教程HTTP操作。——http://www.marsdroid.org

  Android Reference: package org.apache.http:

  http://developer.android.com/reference/org/apache/http/package-summary.html