------------恢复内容开始------------

cobbler部署

Cobbler是一个Linux系统安装的服务，可以通过网络启动(PXE)的方式来快速安装、重装物理服务器和虚拟机，同时还可以管理DHCP，DNS等。 Cobbler可以使用命令行方式管理，也提供了基于Web的界面管理工具(cobbler-web)，还提供了API接口，可以方便二次开发使用。 Cobbler是较早前的kickstart的升级版，优点是比较容易配置，还自带web界面比较易于管理。

通过点点点就可以创建系统以及ks文件。

官网：http://cobbler.github.io/

部署cobbler

环境准备

1.准备好linux机器，使用kickstart那台机器即可
[root@ks-cobbler ~]# hostname
ks-cobbler


[root@ks-cobbler ~]# ifconfig |awk 'NR==2{print $2}'
172.168.1.14

加上一个本地hosts解析
[root@ks-cobbler ~]# tail -1 /etc/hosts
172.168.1.14 ks-cobbler

安装coobler

1.yum自动化安装即可，提前配置好yum源
yum install cobbler cobbler-web dhcp tftp-server pykickstart httpd python-django -y

2.检查软件包
[root@ks-cobbler ~]# rpm -qa cobbler cobbler-web dhcp tftp-server pykickstart httpd python-djangotftp-server-5.2-22.el7.x86_64
pykickstart-1.99.66.21-1.el7.noarch
cobbler-2.8.5-0.3.el7.x86_64
dhcp-4.2.5-79.el7.centos.x86_64
httpd-2.4.6-93.el7.centos.x86_64
cobbler-web-2.8.5-0.3.el7.noarch

3.启动cobbler,与http
systemctl start cobblerd
systemctl restart httpd

4.检查cobbler配置
[root@ks-cobbler ~]# cobbler check

修改cobbler配置

1.修改配置文件/etc/cobbler/settings ，修改如下参数
# 备份配置文件
[root@ks-cobbler ~]# cp /etc/cobbler/settings{,.bak}

# 防止误重装
sed -i 's/pxe_just_once: 0/pxe_just_once: 1/' /etc/cobbler/settings

# 配置Cobbler统一管理DHCP
sed -i 's/manage_dhcp: 0/manage_dhcp: 1/' /etc/cobbler/settings

# 配置DHCP Cobbler模版，这里sed提供了备份功能
sed -i.ori 's#192.168.1#172.168.1#g;22d;23d' /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template



2.根据cobbler check依次修改配置文件，修改如下配置，注意改了之后要重启cobblerd服务,才可以生效
# 请注意,填写ip地址
# 修改/etc/cobbler/settings
server: 172.168.1.14
next_server: 172.168.1.14
# 修改xinetd配置文件, /etc/xinetd.d/tftp ，因为xinetd是管理tftp的，我们用cobbler去管理了
[root@kickstart ~]# systemctl stop xinetd.service 
[root@kickstart ~]# systemctl disable xinetd.service 
[root@kickstart ~]# grep 'disable' /etc/xinetd.d/tftp 
	disable			= yes

# 需要安装驱动，cobbler要控制其他机器
cobbler get-loaders
[root@ks-cobbler ~]# cobbler get-loaders
task started: 2020-07-29_153446_get_loaders
task started (id=Download Bootloader Content, time=Wed Jul 29 15:34:46 2020)
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/README to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.elilo to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.elilo
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.yaboot to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.yaboot
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.syslinux to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.syslinux
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/elilo-3.8-ia64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/elilo-ia64.efi
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/yaboot-1.3.17 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/pxelinux.0-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/menu.c32-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86_64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi
*** TASK COMPLETE ***



# 还需要用到rsync服务，开启该服务
systemctl restart  rsyncd
systemctl enable rsyncd

# 修改cobbler安装的系统，默认的密码是"cobbler",可以改下
[root@ks-cobbler ~]# openssl passwd -1
Password: 
Verifying - Password: 
$1$7QqeCcrC$WwDO644o8wUumCUBuxw6S.

# 修改默认root密码为，chaoge666
default_password_crypted: "$1$7QqeCcrC$WwDO644o8wUumCUBuxw6S."

# 修改有关cobbler脑裂配置，可以使用fencing tools




# 改完如上配置，重启cooblerd
systemctl restart cobblerd

# 再次检查，吧修改的配置，让其生效
cobbler sync
cobbler check

# 剩下的两条无所谓
[root@ks-cobbler ~]# cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:

1 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories
2 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them

Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.

重启核心服务

systemctl restart cobblerd httpd tftp.socket rsyncd.service
[root@ks-cobbler ~]# systemctl is-active cobblerd httpd tftp.socket rsyncd.service
active
active
active
active

访问cobbler web

https://172.18.41.133/cobbler_web

登录页面

进入首页

导入系统镜像

在cobbler web界面，导入dvd-iso镜像文件信息

cobbler web镜像存放点在

[root@ks-cobbler ks_mirror]# pwd
/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror

在vmware里挂在好光盘，进行mount

[root@ks-cobbler ks_mirror]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@ks-cobbler ks_mirror]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root   17G  1.6G   16G   9% /
devtmpfs                 899M     0  899M   0% /dev
tmpfs                    911M     0  911M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    911M  9.6M  902M   2% /run
tmpfs                    911M     0  911M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1               1014M  142M  873M  14% /boot
tmpfs                    183M     0  183M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0                 4.2G  4.2G     0 100% /mnt

配置如图所示

导入镜像的任务

在linux中检查cobbler导入操作

[root@ks-cobbler ks_mirror]# cd /var/www/cobbler/
[root@ks-cobbler cobbler]# ls
images  ks_mirror  links  localmirror  misc  pub  rendered  repo_mirror  svc
[root@ks-cobbler cobbler]# du -sh .
4.2G    .

# cobbler默认是调用rsync进行同步数据

导入结束

apache显示cobbler镜像站点

http://172.18.41.133/cobbler/

cobbler-web

新建vmware虚拟机

测试用cobbler自动装机，创建方式和手动安装方式一样，注意：

• 内存大小
• 添加网络适配器
• 删除usb
• 关闭dvd开机链接

出现如下页面，正常

该界面由pxe启动文件控制

[root@ks-cobbler cobbler]# cat /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default 
DEFAULT menu
PROMPT 0
MENU TITLE Cobbler | http://cobbler.github.io/
TIMEOUT 200
TOTALTIMEOUT 6000
ONTIMEOUT local

LABEL local
        MENU LABEL (local)
        MENU DEFAULT
        LOCALBOOT -1

LABEL CentOS7-x86_64
        kernel /images/CentOS7-x86_64/vmlinuz
        MENU LABEL CentOS7-x86_64
        append initrd=/images/CentOS7-x86_64/initrd.img ksdevice=bootif lang=  kssendmac text  ks=http://172.18.41.133/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/CentOS7-x86_64
        ipappend 2



MENU end

自动安装，选择第二个

装机使用的ks文件在这，cobbler生成的

创建自定义系统ks文件

超哥就是那么贴心啊，都给你准备好

创建自定义系统ks文件

超哥就是那么贴心啊，都给你准备好

CentOS7的ks文件
[root@cobbler kickstarts]# vim centos7.ks
# This kickstart file should only be used with EL > 5 and/or Fedora > 7.
# For older versions please use the sample.ks kickstart file.
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Use text mode install
text
# System keyboard
keyboard us
# System language
lang en_US
# System timezone
timezone  Asia/ShangHai
#Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $6$cIVuOep8khS61xi3$iNU0CiA8ANu8.8KNEmADfIVqPgcSEaC440oF.41eKin6vpyehf1QMDzjqPLYSfh1SGi8fJ2ajR3axw6jJqrvU1
# System authorization information
auth  --useshadow  --enablemd5
# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Use network installation
url --url=$tree

# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
part /boot --fstype=xfs --size=500
part swap --fstype=swap --size=2048
part / --fstype=xfs --grow --size=200 

# If any cobbler repo definitions were referenced in the kickstart profile, include them here.
$yum_repo_stanza
# Network information
$SNIPPET('network_config')
# Do not configure the X Window System
skipx
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --disable
# Reboot after installation
reboot


%pre
$SNIPPET('log_ks_pre')
$SNIPPET('kickstart_start')
$SNIPPET('pre_install_network_config')
# Enable installation monitoring
$SNIPPET('pre_anamon')
%end

%packages
$SNIPPET('func_install_if_enabled')
@core
@base
tree
nmap
wget
lftp
lrzsz
telnet
%end

%post --nochroot
$SNIPPET('log_ks_post_nochroot')
%end

%post
$SNIPPET('log_ks_post')
# Start yum configuration
$yum_config_stanza
# End yum configuration
$SNIPPET('post_install_kernel_options')
$SNIPPET('post_install_network_config')
$SNIPPET('func_register_if_enabled')
$SNIPPET('download_config_files')
$SNIPPET('koan_environment')
$SNIPPET('redhat_register')
$SNIPPET('cobbler_register')
# Enable post-install boot notification
$SNIPPET('post_anamon')
# Start final steps
$SNIPPET('kickstart_done')
# End final steps

sed -ri "/^#UseDNS/c\UseDNS no" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -ri "/^GSSAPIAuthentication/c\GSSAPIAuthentication no" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
%end

此时可以去cobbler-web添加我们定义的ks文件模板，

复制粘贴即可，但是注意，不支持中文，所以中文注释都给删掉吧

该文件存放在linux上

[root@ks-cobbler kickstarts]# ll
total 68
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1211 Jul 29 16:54 CentOS-7.4-X86_64.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  115 Aug 30  2019 default.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   22 Aug 30  2019 esxi4-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   22 Aug 30  2019 esxi5-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root   56 Jul 29 14:04 install_profiles
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1424 Aug 30  2019 legacy.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  292 Aug 30  2019 pxerescue.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2825 Aug 30  2019 sample_autoyast.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1856 Aug 30  2019 sample_end.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    0 Aug 30  2019 sample_esx4.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  324 Aug 30  2019 sample_esxi4.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  386 Aug 30  2019 sample_esxi5.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  386 Aug 30  2019 sample_esxi6.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1913 Aug 30  2019 sample.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3419 Aug 30  2019 sample_old.seed
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6694 Aug 30  2019 sample.seed
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6706 Jun 18  2019 sample.seed.28
[root@ks-cobbler kickstarts]#

配置cobbler读取自定义的ks文件

cobbler默认读取的是

sample_end.ks 
改为
CentOS-7.4-X86_64.ks