bash脚本中的参数传递

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/361164270

#!/bin/bash

START=5000000
END=6000000
SCFID=785
GENE=Cyp6a9

echo The ${GENE} is on Chr${SCFID}:${START}-${END} 

chmod 777 gene.sh
./gene.sh
## The Cyp6a9 is on Chr785:5000000-6000000

#!/bin/bash

START=${1}
END=${2}
SCFID=${3}
GENE=${4}

echo The ${GENE} is on Chr${SCFID}:${START}-${END} 
./gene.sh 5000000 6000000 785 Cyp6a9
## The Cyp6a9 is on Chr785:5000000-6000000

参数名匹配
#!/bin/bash
usage() {
  echo "Usage: ${0} [-s|--start] [-e|--end] [-i|--scfid] [-g|--gene]" 1>&2
  exit 1 
}
while [[ $# -gt 0 ]];do
  key=${1}
  case ${key} in
    -s|--start)
      START=${2}
      shift 2
      ;;
    -e|--end)
      END=${2}
      shift 2
      ;;
    -i|--scfid)
      SCFID=${2}
      shift 2
      ;;
    -g|--gene)
      GENE=${2}
      shift 2
      ;;
    *)
      usage
      shift
      ;;
  esac
done
    
echo The ${GENE} is on Chr${SCFID}:${START}-${END}

./gene.sh -s 5000000 -e 6000000  -i 785 -g Cyp6a2 
./gene.sh -e 6000000  -i 785 -g Cyp6a2 -s 5000000
./gene.sh  -e 6000000  -i 785 --gene Cyp6a2 -s 5000000
# .....
当然，如果命令参数没有找到匹配，会提示错误：

./gene.sh dsafda
## Usage: ./gene.sh [-s|--start] [-e|--end] [-i|--scfid] [-g|--gene]

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16483119/an-example-of-how-to-use-getopts-in-bash
只能在某个范围的值

#!/bin/bash

usage() { echo "Usage: $0 [-s <45|90>] [-p ]" 1>&2; exit 1; }

while getopts ":s:p:" o; do
    case "${o}" in
        s)
            s=${OPTARG}
            ((s == 45 || s == 90)) || usage
            ;;
        p)
            p=${OPTARG}
            ;;
        *)
            usage
            ;;
    esac
done
shift $((OPTIND-1))

if [ -z "${s}" ] || [ -z "${p}" ]; then
    usage
fi

echo "s = ${s}"
echo "p = ${p}"



$ ./myscript.sh
Usage: ./myscript.sh [-s <45|90>] [-p ]

$ ./myscript.sh -h
Usage: ./myscript.sh [-s <45|90>] [-p ]

$ ./myscript.sh -s "" -p ""
Usage: ./myscript.sh [-s <45|90>] [-p ]

$ ./myscript.sh -s 10 -p foo
Usage: ./myscript.sh [-s <45|90>] [-p ]

$ ./myscript.sh -s 45 -p foo
s = 45
p = foo

$ ./myscript.sh -s 90 -p bar
s = 90
p = bar

#!/usr/bin/env bash
usage() { echo "$0 usage:" && grep " .)\ #" $0; exit 0; }
[ $# -eq 0 ] && usage
while getopts ":hs:p:" arg; do
  case $arg in
    p) # Specify p value.
      echo "p is ${OPTARG}"
      ;;
    s) # Specify strength, either 45 or 90.
      strength=${OPTARG}
      [ $strength -eq 45 -o $strength -eq 90 ] \
        && echo "Strength is $strength." \
        || echo "Strength needs to be either 45 or 90, $strength found instead."
      ;;
    h | *) # Display help.
      usage
      exit 0
      ;;
  esac
done


$ ./foo.sh 
./foo.sh usage:
    p) # Specify p value.
    s) # Specify strength, either 45 or 90.
    h | *) # Display help.
$ ./foo.sh -s 123 -p any_string
Strength needs to be either 45 or 90, 123 found instead.
p is any_string
$ ./foo.sh -s 90 -p any_string
Strength is 90.
p is any_string