lnmp环境手动部署
目录
- lnmp环境手动部署
- 1. 安装nginx
- 2. 安装mysql
- 3. 安装php
- 4. 配置nginx
- 5. 访问测试页面
- 6.nginx开机自启
- systemd方式
- 通过chkconfig方式
lnmp环境手动部署
环境说明
| 系统 | IP | 需要安装的服务 |
|---|---|---|
| centos7 | 192.168.32.125 | nginx mysql-5.7 php-7.4.9 php-mysql |
已关闭防火墙和selinux，并配置好了yum源，包括epel源
1. 安装nginx
#创建系统用户nginx
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
#安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel gd gd-devel gcc gcc-c++
......
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y groups mark install 'Development Tools'
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
There is no installed groups file.
Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Marked install: Development Tools
#创建日志存放目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R nginx.nginx /var/log/nginx
#下载nginx
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
#编译安装
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd nginx-1.18.0
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# ls
auto CHANGES CHANGES.ru conf configure contrib html LICENSE man README src
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-debug \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_image_filter_module \
--with-http_gunzip_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# make -j `nproc`
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# make install
#配置环境变量
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# . /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/nginx/sbin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
#启动nginx
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# nginx
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
2. 安装mysql
#安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install libaio ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel
#创建用户和组
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
#下载二进制格式的mysql软件包
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# mv mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
#修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# ll /usr/local/mysql -d
drwxr-xr-x 9 mysql mysql 129 Aug 6 10:04 /usr/local/mysql
#添加环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost ~]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/nginx/sbin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
#建立数据存放目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
#初始化数据库
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/
2020-08-06T14:18:46.668749Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-08-06T14:18:46.887930Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-08-06T14:18:46.923311Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-08-06T14:18:46.998617Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: bdd14729-d7ef-11ea-8207-000c29f66cbc.
2020-08-06T14:18:47.013567Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-08-06T14:18:47.452070Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2020-08-06T14:18:47.906673Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.
//配置mysql
[root@localhost ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/local/include/mysql
‘/usr/local/include/mysql’ -> ‘/usr/local/mysql/include/’
[root@localhost ~]# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@localhost ~]# ldconfig
#配置mysql配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cat > /etc/my.cnf < set password=password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
3. 安装php
#配置php的源
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y localinstall remi-release-7.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache --enablerepo=remi-php74
#安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel pcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel sqlite-devel oniguruma-devel php74-php-mysqlnd
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8.2.2004/AppStream/x86_64/os/Packages/libzip-1.5.2-1.module_el8.2.0%2B314%2B53b99e08.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8.2.2004/AppStream/x86_64/os/Packages/libzip-devel-1.5.2-1.module_el8.2.0%2B314%2B53b99e08.x86_64.rpm
#下载php,安装
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.9.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf php-7.4.9.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd php-7.4.9
[root@localhost php-7.4.9]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 \
--with-config-file-path=/etc \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--disable-debug \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-shared \
--enable-soap \
--with-openssl \
--enable-bcmath \
--with-iconv \
--with-bz2 \
--enable-calendar \
--with-curl \
--enable-exif \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-gd \
--with-jpeg \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-freetype \
--with-gettext \
--enable-json \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-pdo \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-readline \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-simplexml \
--enable-sockets \
--with-zip \
--enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \
--with-pear \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-posix
[root@localhost php-7.4.9]# make -j `nproc` && make install
......
#安装后配置环境变量
[root@localhost php-7.4.9]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@localhost php-7.4.9]# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@localhost php-7.4.9]# php -v
PHP 7.4.9 (cli) (built: Aug 6 2020 11:11:43) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
#配置php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.4.9]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.4.9]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.4.9]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.4.9]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost php-7.4.9]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
#编辑php-fpm的配置文件（/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf）：
#配置fpm的相关选项为你所需要的值：
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
.....
.....
pm.max_children = 50 ;最多同时提供50个进程提供50个并发服务
pm.start_servers = 5 ;启动时启动5个进程
pm.min_spare_servers = 2 ;最小空闲进程数
pm.max_spare_servers = 8
#启动php-fpm,设置开机自启
[root@localhost php-7.4.9]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm done
[root@localhost php-7.4.9]# chkconfig --add php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.4.9]# ss -tanl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 80 [::]:3306 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
[root@localhost php-7.4.9]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
#修改listen = 127.0.0.1:9000为listen = 0.0.0.0:9000
[root@localhost php-7.4.9]# service php-fpm restart
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done
Starting php-fpm done
[root@localhost php-7.4.9]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:10050 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:10051 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:9000 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 80 [::]:3306 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
4. 配置nginx
#在server大括号内配置
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
.....
location / {
root html;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
#生成测试页面
[root@localhost ~]# cat > /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php <
EOF
#重载nginx配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# nginx -s reload
[root@localhost ~]# ss -tanl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 80 [::]:3306 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
5. 访问测试页面
6.nginx开机自启
systemd方式
[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
#注意路径正确，重载后测试
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start nginx
通过chkconfig方式
参考：https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/examples/redhatnginxinit/
vim /etc/init.d/nginx
粘粘内容
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:.*--user=" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
if [ -n "$user" ]; then
if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then
useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user
fi
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
fi
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $prog -HUP
retval=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
修改内容：
注意修改为自己的实际路径：
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
#增加权限
chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nginx
#加入chkconfig并设置开机自启
chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig nginx on