Linux IP 命令略解

help 为该命令的帮助信息。

实例ip link show # 显示网络接口信息

ip link set eth0 up # 开启网卡

ip link set eth0 down # 关闭网卡

ip link set eth0 promisc on # 开启网卡的混合模式

ip link set eth0 promisc offi # 关闭网卡的混个模式

ip link set eth0 txqueuelen 1200 # 设置网卡队列长度

ip link set eth0 mtu 1400 # 设置网卡最大传输单元

ip addr show # 显示网卡IP信息

ip addr add 192.168.0.1/24 dev eth0 # 设置eth0网卡IP地址192.168.0.1

ip addr del 192.168.0.1/24 dev eth0 # 删除eth0网卡IP地址

ip route show # 显示系统路由

ip route add default via 192.168.1.254 # 设置系统默认路由

ip route list # 查看路由信息

ip route add 192.168.4.0/24 via 192.168.0.254 dev eth0 # 设置192.168.4.0网段的网关为192.168.0.254,数据走eth0接口

ip route add default via 192.168.0.254 dev eth0 # 设置默认网关为192.168.0.254

ip route del 192.168.4.0/24 # 删除192.168.4.0网段的网关

ip route del default # 删除默认路由

ip route delete 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 # 删除路由

用 ip 命令显示网络设备的运行状态：

[root@localhost ~]# ip link list

1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000

link/ether 00:16:3e:00:1e:51 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

3: eth1: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000

link/ether 00:16:3e:00:1e:52 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

显示更加详细的设备信息：

[root@localhost ~]# ip -s link list

1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast

5082831 56145 0 0 0 0

TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns

5082831 56145 0 0 0 0

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000

link/ether 00:16:3e:00:1e:51 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast

3641655380 62027099 0 0 0 0

TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns

6155236 89160 0 0 0 0

3: eth1: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000

link/ether 00:16:3e:00:1e:52 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast

2562136822 488237847 0 0 0 0

TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns

3486617396 9691081 0 0 0 0

显示核心路由表：

[root@localhost ~]# ip route list

112.124.12.0/22 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 112.124.15.130

10.160.0.0/20 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 10.160.7.81

192.168.0.0/16 via 10.160.15.247 dev eth0

172.16.0.0/12 via 10.160.15.247 dev eth0

10.0.0.0/8 via 10.160.15.247 dev eth0

default via 112.124.15.247 dev eth1

显示邻居表：

[root@localhost ~]# ip neigh list

112.124.15.247 dev eth1 lladdr 00:00:0c:9f:f3:88 REACHABLE

10.160.15.247 dev eth0 lladdr 00:00:0c:9f:f2:c0 STALE

获取主机所有网络接口：

ip link | grep -E '^[0-9]' | awk -F: '{print $2}'