18,nginx proxy_pass 规则
location
/ios/
{
#这种情况,这里一定要匹配的是/ios/,不能是/ios
proxy_pass http:
//192
.168.1.102:8090;
#一定要保证192.168.1.102机器8090端口站点目录下有ios目录!否则访问会报错404!
proxy_redirect off ;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
1)
配置proxy_pass时,当在后面的url加上了/,相当于是绝对根路径,则nginx不会把location中匹配的路径部分代理走;
如果没有/,则会把匹配的路径部分也给代理走.
2) nginx配置
[root@localhost ~]
# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
[root@localhost conf.d]
# cat test.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root
/var/www/html
;
index index.html;
}
}
[root@localhost conf.d]
# cat /var/www/html/index.html
this is page of
test
!!!!
3)启动Nginx
[root@localhost ~]
# service nginx start //或者使用 systemctl start nginx.service
4)测试访问(103.110.186.23是192.168.1.23机器的外网ip)
[root@localhost conf.d]
# curl http://192.168.1.23
this is page of
test
!!!!
5) 为了方便测试,先在另一台机器192.168.1.5上部署一个8090端口的nginx,配置如下:
[root@bastion-IDC ~]
# cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/haha.conf
server {
listen 8090;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root
/var/www/html
;
index index.html;
}
}
[root@bastion-IDC ~]
# cat /var/www/html/index.html
this is 192.168.1.5
[root@bastion-IDC ~]
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
测试访问(103.110.186.5是192.168.1.5的外网ip):
[root@bastion-IDC ~]
# curl http://192.168.1.5:8090
this is 192.168.1.5
6)192.168.1.23作为nginx反向代理机器,nginx配置如下:
1)第一种情况:
[root@localhost conf.d]
# cat test.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root
/var/www/html
;
index index.html;
}
location
/proxy/
{
proxy_pass http:
//192
.168.1.5:8090/;
}
}
访问http://192.168.1.23/proxy/就会被代理到http://192.168.1.5:8090/。p匹配的proxy目录不需要存在根目录/var/www/html里面
注意,终端里如果访问http://192.168.1.23/proxy(即后面不带"/"),则会访问失败!因为proxy_pass配置的url后面加了"/"
[root@localhost conf.d]
# curl http://192.168.1.23/proxy/
this is 192.168.1.5
[root@localhost conf.d]
# curl http://192.168.1.23/proxy
<
head
>301 Moved Permanently<</code><code class="bash plain">/title</code><code class="bash plain">><</code><code class="bash plain">/head</code><code class="bash plain">></code>
<code class="bash plain"><body bgcolor=</code><code class="bash string">"white"</code><code class="bash plain">></code>
<code class="bash plain"><center><h1>301 Moved Permanently<</code><code class="bash plain">/h1</code><code class="bash plain">><</code><code class="bash plain">/center</code><code class="bash plain">></code>
<code class="bash plain"><hr><center>nginx</code><code class="bash plain">/1</code><code class="bash plain">.10.3<</code><code class="bash plain">/center</code><code class="bash plain">></code>
<code class="bash plain"><</code><code class="bash plain">/body</code><code class="bash plain">></code>
<code class="bash plain"><</code><code class="bash plain">/html</code><code class="bash plain">></code>
<span data-mce-=""> 页面访问http://103.110.186.23/proxy的时候,会自动加上"/”(同理是由于proxy_pass配置的url后面加了"/"),并反代到http://103.110.186.5:8090的结果</span>
<span data-mce-=""><span data-mce-=""></span></span>
<p><span data-mce-="">7)第二种情况,proxy_pass配置的url后面不加"/"</span></p>
<p><span data-mce-=""><code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># cat test.conf</code></span></p>
<code class="bash plain">server {</code>
<code class="bash plain">listen 80;</code>
<code class="bash plain">server_name localhost;</code>
<code class="bash plain">location / {</code>
<code class="bash plain">root </code><code class="bash plain">/var/www/html</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">index index.html;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">location </code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/</code> <code class="bash plain">{</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">proxy_pass http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># service nginx restart</code>
<code class="bash plain">Redirecting to </code><code class="bash plain">/bin/systemctl</code> <code class="bash plain">restart nginx.service</code>
<code class="bash plain">那么访问http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.23</code><code class="bash plain">/proxy</code><code class="bash plain">或http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.23</code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/</code><code class="bash plain">,都会失败!</code>
<code class="bash plain">这样配置后,访问http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.23</code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/</code><code class="bash plain">就会被反向代理到http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090</code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/</code>
<span data-mce-=""><span data-mce-="">8)第三种情况</span></span>
<p> <code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># cat test.conf</code></p>
<code class="bash plain">server {</code>
<code class="bash plain">listen 80;</code>
<code class="bash plain">server_name localhost;</code>
<code class="bash plain">location / {</code>
<code class="bash plain">root </code><code class="bash plain">/var/www/html</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">index index.html;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">location </code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/</code> <code class="bash plain">{</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">proxy_pass http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090</code><code class="bash plain">/haha/</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># service nginx restart</code>
<code class="bash plain">Redirecting to </code><code class="bash plain">/bin/systemctl</code> <code class="bash plain">restart nginx.service</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># curl http://192.168.1.23/proxy/</code>
<code class="bash plain">192.168.1.5 haha-index.html</code>
这样配置的话,访问http://103.110.186.23/proxy代理到http://192.168.1.5:8090/haha/
<p><span data-mce-="">9)第四种情况:相对于第三种配置的url不加"/"</span></p>
<p><span data-mce-=""><code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># cat test.conf</code></span></p>
<code class="bash plain">server {</code>
<code class="bash plain">listen 80;</code>
<code class="bash plain">server_name localhost;</code>
<code class="bash plain">location / {</code>
<code class="bash plain">root </code><code class="bash plain">/var/www/html</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">index index.html;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">location </code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/</code> <code class="bash plain">{</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">proxy_pass http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090</code><code class="bash plain">/haha</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># service nginx restart</code>
<code class="bash plain">Redirecting to </code><code class="bash plain">/bin/systemctl</code> <code class="bash plain">restart nginx.service</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># curl http://192.168.1.23/proxy/index.html</code>
<code class="bash plain">192.168.1.5 hahaindex.html</code>
<code class="bash plain">上面配置后,访问http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.23</code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/index</code><code class="bash plain">.html就会被代理到http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090</code><code class="bash plain">/hahaindex</code><code class="bash plain">.html</code>
<code class="bash plain">同理,访问http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.23</code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/test</code><code class="bash plain">.html就会被代理到http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090</code><code class="bash plain">/hahatest</code><code class="bash plain">.html</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># curl http://192.168.1.23/proxy/index.html</code>
<code class="bash plain">192.168.1.5 hahaindex.html</code>
<span data-mce-="">注意,这种情况下,不能直接访问http:<code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.23</code><code class="bash plain">/proxy/</code><code class="bash plain">,后面就算是默认的index.html文件也要跟上,否则访问失败!</code></span>
<p><span data-mce-=""><strong>上面四种方式都是匹配的path路径后面加"/",下面说下path路径后面不带"/"的情况:</strong></span></p>
<p><span data-mce-=""><strong>1)第一种情况,proxy_pass后面url带"/":</strong></span></p>
<p><span data-mce-=""><strong><code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># cat test.conf</code></strong></span></p>
<code class="bash plain">server {</code>
<code class="bash plain">listen 80;</code>
<code class="bash plain">server_name localhost;</code>
<code class="bash plain">location / {</code>
<code class="bash plain">root </code><code class="bash plain">/var/www/html</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">index index.html;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
<code class="bash plain">location </code><code class="bash plain">/proxy</code> <code class="bash plain">{</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">proxy_pass http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090/;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># service nginx restart</code>
<code class="bash plain">Redirecting to </code><code class="bash plain">/bin/systemctl</code> <code class="bash plain">restart nginx.service</code>
<p>2)第二种情况,proxy_pass后面url不带"/"</p>
<p><code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># cat test.conf</code></p>
<code class="bash plain">server {</code>
<code class="bash plain">listen 80;</code>
<code class="bash plain">server_name localhost;</code>
<code class="bash plain">location / {</code>
<code class="bash plain">root </code><code class="bash plain">/var/www/html</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">index index.html;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
<code class="bash plain">location </code><code class="bash plain">/proxy</code> <code class="bash plain">{</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">proxy_pass http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># service nginx restart</code>
<code class="bash plain">Redirecting to </code><code class="bash plain">/bin/systemctl</code> <code class="bash plain">restart nginx.service</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments">#</code>
这样配置的话,访问http://103.110.186.23/proxy会自动加上"/”(即变成http://103.110.186.23/proxy/),代理到192.168.1.5:8090/proxy/
<p>3)第三种情况</p>
<p><code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># cat test.conf</code></p>
<code class="bash plain">server {</code>
<code class="bash plain">listen 80;</code>
<code class="bash plain">server_name localhost;</code>
<code class="bash plain">location / {</code>
<code class="bash plain">root </code><code class="bash plain">/var/www/html</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">index index.html;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
<code class="bash plain">location </code><code class="bash plain">/proxy</code> <code class="bash plain">{</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">proxy_pass http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090</code><code class="bash plain">/haha/</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># service nginx restart</code>
<code class="bash plain">Redirecting to </code><code class="bash plain">/bin/systemctl</code> <code class="bash plain">restart nginx.service</code>
这样配置的话,访问http://103.110.186.23/proxy会自动加上"/”(即变成http://103.110.186.23/proxy/),代理到http://192.168.1.5:8090/haha/
<span data-mce-=""><span data-mce-="">4)第四种情况:相对于第三种配置的url不加"/"</span></span>
<p><code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># cat test.conf</code></p>
<code class="bash plain">server {</code>
<code class="bash plain">listen 80;</code>
<code class="bash plain">server_name localhost;</code>
<code class="bash plain">location / {</code>
<code class="bash plain">root </code><code class="bash plain">/var/www/html</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">index index.html;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code>
<code class="bash plain">location </code><code class="bash plain">/proxy</code> <code class="bash plain">{</code>
<code class="bash spaces"> </code><code class="bash plain">proxy_pass http:</code><code class="bash plain">//192</code><code class="bash plain">.168.1.5:8090</code><code class="bash plain">/haha</code><code class="bash plain">;</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">}</code>
<code class="bash plain">[root@localhost conf.d]</code><code class="bash comments"># service nginx restart</code>
<code class="bash plain">Redirecting to </code><code class="bash plain">/bin/systemctl</code> <code class="bash plain">restart nginx.service</code>
这样配置的话,访问http://103.110.186.23/proxy,和第三种结果一样,同样被代理到http://192.168.1.5:8090/haha/
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