spring事务配置的5种方式

事务配置其实把思路理清，还是很容易的。

spring的配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个部分组成：分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

    DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问 时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为 HibernateTransactionManager。

    具体如下图：

 根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

    第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
5.     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
6.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
7.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
9.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
10.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">  
11.   
12.     "sessionFactory"   
13.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
14.         "configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
15.         "configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
16.        
17.   
18.        
19.     "transactionManager"  
20.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
21.         "sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
22.       
23.      
24.       
25.     "userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">  
26.         "sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
27.       
28.      
29.     "userDao"   
30.         class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">   
31.               
32.            "transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />      
33.         "target" ref="userDaoTarget" />   
34.          "proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />  
35.            
36.         "transactionAttributes">   
37.                
38.                 "*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED  
39.                
40.            
41.        
42.   

 第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
5.     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
6.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
7.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
9.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
10.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">  
11.   
12.     "sessionFactory"   
13.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
14.         "configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
15.         "configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
16.        
17.   
18.        
19.     "transactionManager"  
20.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
21.         "sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
22.       
23.      
24.     "transactionBase"   
25.             class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"   
26.             lazy-init="true" abstract="true">   
27.            
28.         "transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />   
29.            
30.         "transactionAttributes">   
31.                
32.                 "*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED   
33.                
34.            
35.          
36.     
37.       
38.     "userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">  
39.         "sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
40.       
41.      
42.     "userDao" parent="transactionBase" >   
43.         "target" ref="userDaoTarget" />    
44.       
45.   

 第三种方式：使用拦截器

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
5.     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
6.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
7.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
9.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
10.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">  
11.   
12.     "sessionFactory"   
13.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
14.         "configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
15.         "configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
16.        
17.   
18.        
19.     "transactionManager"  
20.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
21.         "sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
22.        
23.     
24.     "transactionInterceptor"   
25.         class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">   
26.         "transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />   
27.            
28.         "transactionAttributes">   
29.                
30.                 "*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED   
31.                
32.            
33.       
34.        
35.     class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">   
36.         "beanNames">   
37.                
38.                 *Dao  
39.                
40.            
41.         "interceptorNames">   
42.                
43.                 transactionInterceptor   
44.                
45.            
46.        
47.    
48.       
49.     "userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">  
50.         "sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
51.       
52.   

 第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
5.     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
6.     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
7.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
9.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
10.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
11.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd  
12.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">  
13.   
14.       
15.     package="com.bluesky" />  
16.   
17.     "sessionFactory"   
18.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
19.         "configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
20.         "configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
21.        
22.   
23.        
24.     "transactionManager"  
25.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
26.         "sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
27.       
28.   
29.     "txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">  
30.           
31.             "*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
32.           
33.       
34.      
35.       
36.         "interceptorPointCuts"  
37.             expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />  
38.         "txAdvice"  
39.             pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />         
40.            
41.   

 第五种方式：全注解

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
5.     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
6.     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
7.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
9.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
10.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
11.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd  
12.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">  
13.   
14.       
15.     package="com.bluesky" />  
16.   
17.     "transactionManager"/>  
18.   
19.     "sessionFactory"   
20.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
21.         "configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
22.         "configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
23.        
24.   
25.        
26.     "transactionManager"  
27.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
28.         "sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
29.       
30.      
31.   

 此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

1. @Transactional  
2. @Component("userDao")  
3. public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {  
4.   
5.     public List listUsers() {  
6.         return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();  
7.     }      
8. }