python读写xml文件

1.python创建xml
使用xml.etree.ElementTree来操作xml
创建节点：root = ET.Element('root'， attribute),
其中， attribute是属性字典，需要属性时可以添加

创建文档：tree = ET.ElementTree(root)
设置文本值：element.text = 'default'
设置属性：element.set('age', str(i))
添加节点：root.append(element)
写入文档：tree.write('*.xml', encoding='utf-8', xml_declaration=True
其中，xml_declaration=True表示对xml声明，<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>

示例：
 

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element
root = ET.Element('Root')
tree = ET.ElementTree(root)
name = Element("name", {'id': 'id2', 'order': 'order2'})
name.text = "xiaoming"
age = Element("age")
age.text = "12"
gender = Element("gender")
gender.text = "男"
root.append(name)
root.append(age)
root.append(gender)
tree.write("1.xml", encoding='utf-8', xml_declaration=True)

结果如下：

但是此时的xml文件和我们平时常见的格式不太一样，如何转变成标准的格式呢？ 

思路就是在每个节点之后添加"\n\t"

代码如下：

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element
 
def __indent(elem, level=0):
    i = "\n" + level*"\t"
    if len(elem):
        if not elem.text or not elem.text.strip():
            elem.text = i + "\t"
        if not elem.tail or not elem.tail.strip():
            elem.tail = i
        for elem in elem:
            __indent(elem, level+1)
        if not elem.tail or not elem.tail.strip():
            elem.tail = i
    else:
        if level and (not elem.tail or not elem.tail.strip()):
            elem.tail = i
 
root = ET.Element('Root')
tree = ET.ElementTree(root)
name = Element("name", {'id': 'id2', 'order': 'order2'})
name.text = "xiaoming"
age = Element("age")
age.text = "12"
gender = Element("gender")
gender.text = "男"
root.append(name)
root.append(age)
root.append(gender)
__indent(root)
tree.write("1.xml", encoding='utf-8', xml_declaration=True)
 
 

结果如下：

https://blog.csdn.net/hu694028833/article/details/81089959