boot
A boot, plural boots, is a type of specific footwear. Most boots mainly cover the foot and the ankle, while some also cover some part of the lower calf. Some boots extend up the leg, sometimes as far as the knee or even the hip. Most boots have a heel that is clearly distinguishable from the rest of the sole, even if the two are made of one piece. Traditionally made of leather or rubber, modern boots are made from a variety of materials. Boots are worn both for their functionality – protecting the foot and leg from water, extreme cold, mud or hazards (e.g., work boots may protect wearers from chemicals or use a steel toe) or providing additional ankle support for strenuous activities with added traction requirements (e.g., hiking), or may have hobnails on their undersides to protect against wear and to get better grip; and for reasons of style and fashion. 靴子是一种特殊的鞋子。大多数靴子主要覆盖足部和脚踝，而一些靴子也覆盖小腿下部的部分。有些靴子延伸到腿部，有时甚至延伸到膝盖甚至臀部。大多数靴子的鞋跟与鞋底的其他部分有明显的区别，即使这两部分是由一块制成的。传统上，靴子由皮革或橡胶制成，而现代靴子则由多种材料制成。穿靴子是为了保护脚和腿不受水、严寒、泥泞或危险的影响（例如，工作靴可能会保护穿着者不受化学品的伤害或使用钢制足尖部），或者为需要额外牵引力的剧烈活动（例如，徒步旅行）提供额外的脚踝支撑，或者在它们的下侧有鞋钉，以防止磨损并获得更好的抓地力；出于风格和时尚的原因。
High-top athletic shoes are generally not considered boots. Specialty boots have been designed for many different types of sports, particularly riding, skiing, snowboarding, ice-skating, and sporting in wet/damp conditions. 高帮运动鞋通常不被认为是靴子。专业靴子设计用于多种不同类型的运动，特别是骑马、滑雪、单板滑雪、滑冰和在潮湿/潮湿条件下运动。
- A boot camp is a training camp involving rigorous exercise.
- A bossyboots is someone who is bossy or controlling.
- have one's heart in one's boots = be very gloomy and depressed 极为悲观消沉 [心都沉到靴子里了]
In computing, booting is the process of starting a computer. It can be initiated by hardware such as a button press, or by a software command. After it is switched on, a computer's central processing unit (CPU) has no software in its main memory, so some process must load software into memory before it can be executed. This may be done by hardware or firmware in the CPU, or by a separate processor in the computer system.
Restarting a computer also is called rebooting, which can be "hard", e.g. after electrical power to the CPU is switched from off to on, or "soft", where the power is not cut. On some systems, a soft boot may optionally clear RAM to zero. Both hard and soft booting can be initiated by hardware such as a button press or by software command. Booting is complete when the operative runtime system, typically operating system and some applications, are attained.
The process of returning a computer from a state of sleep (suspension) does not involve booting; however, restoring it from a state of hibernation does.
The boot device is the device from which the operating system is loaded. A modern PC's UEFI or BIOS firmware supports booting from various devices. The Boot Menu is typically entered by pressing F8 or F12 keys during the POST (Power-On Self-Test); the BIOS Setup is typically entered by pressing F2 or DEL keys during the POST.
Switches and cables used to program ENIAC (1946); Initial program load punched card for the IBM 1130 (1965)
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Boot is short for bootstrap or bootstrap load and derives from the phrase to pull oneself up by one's bootstraps. The usage calls attention to the requirement that, if most software is loaded onto a computer by other software already running on the computer, some mechanism must exist to load the initial software onto the computer. Early computers used a variety of ad-hoc [特别的] methods to get a small program into memory to solve this problem. The invention of read-only memory (ROM) of various types solved this paradox by allowing computers to be shipped with a start up program that could not be erased. Growth in the capacity of ROM has allowed ever more elaborate start up procedures to be implemented.
六级/考研单词: plural, ankle, calf, hip, heel, rubber, mud, hazard, hike, grip, vogue, athlete, specialty, ski, damp, rigor, gloom, depress, compute, initiate, hardware, execute, nil, operative, attain, suspend, hibernate, menu, punch, derive, oneself, usage, paradox, elaborate, implement