树莓派配置静态IP和开机自动连接wifi


说明:

  树莓派操作系统版本: raspbian-jessie-lite

材料准备:

  1. 树莓派
  2. 无线USB接收器(无线WIFI)

树莓派启动后插入无线WIFI,查看是否正常识别(个别厂家新生产的无线USB WIFI可能无法识别!

  列出usb设备命令:

  lsusb

pi@raspberrypi:~$ lsusb
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 148f:5370 Ralink Technology, Corp. RT5370 Wireless Adapter
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0424:ec00 Standard Microsystems Corp. SMSC9512/9514 Fast Ethernet Adapter
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0424:9514 Standard Microsystems Corp. 
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

看到类似:Wireless Adapter  字样,表示正常识别了!

查看网络设备

  查看当前网络设备

   ifconfig 

   可以看到无线WIFI网络设备正常!

pi@raspberrypi:~$ ifconfig
eth0      略

lo       略

wlan0    略

开始配置:

/etc/network/interfaces 内容:

sudo less /etc/network/interfaces
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)

# Please note that this file is written to be used with dhcpcd
# For static IP, consult /etc/dhcpcd.conf and 'man dhcpcd.conf'

# Include files from /etc/network/interfaces.d:
source-directory /etc/network/interfaces.d

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet manual

allow-hotplug wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

allow-hotplug wlan1
iface wlan1 inet manual
    wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

/etc/dhcpcd.conf 最后添加(让网线(eth0)和 usb WIFI (wlan0)变成静态ip,这样每次SSH时都是固定ip):

这里的ip地址按自己实际情况填写,笔者这里路由器设置在 192.168.0.1 网段

 1 interface eth0
 2 
 3 static ip_address=192.168.0.188/24
 4 static routers=192.168.0.1
 5 static domain_name_servers=192.168.0.1
 6 
 7 interface wlan0
 8 
 9 static ip_address=192.168.0.189/24
10 static routers=192.168.0.1
11 static domain_name_servers=192.168.0.1

最后就是WIFI密码的配置:

 /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf 文件内容:

country=CN
ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
update_config=1

network={
  ssid="你的wifi ssid(路由器管理页面直接复制)"
  psk="wifi密码"
}

测试:

重启网络:

  sudo service networking restart

尝试启动wlan0:

  sudo ifup wlan0

没有报错的话,wifi 即可正常连接!连接成功后使用SSH登录测试下是否ok。

重启树莓派

输入命令重启:

   sudo reboot

pi@raspberrypi:~$ sudo reboot

Broadcast message from pi@raspberrypi on pts/2:

The system is going down for reboot NOW!

马上拔掉网线,等待树莓派重启;

这里重启 + 重启后连接WIFI 需要时间,大概重启后1 min之内可以连上wifi。刚连接可能不稳定,需要稍微等待一下。

这样插网线时,IP固定为:192.168.0.188,只连接wifi 时,ip固定为 192.168.0.189,方便!