1382-二叉搜索树变平衡树


给你一棵二叉搜索树,请你返回一棵 平衡后 的二叉搜索树,新生成的树应该与原来的树有着相同的节点值。

如果一棵二叉搜索树中,每个节点的两棵子树高度差不超过 1 ,我们就称这棵二叉搜索树是 平衡的 。

如果有多种构造方法,请你返回任意一种。

示例:

输入:root = [1,null,2,null,3,null,4,null,null]
输出:[2,1,3,null,null,null,4]
解释:这不是唯一的正确答案,[3,1,4,null,2,null,null] 也是一个可行的构造方案。

提示:

树节点的数目在 1 到 10^4 之间。
树节点的值互不相同,且在 1 到 10^5 之间。

来源:力扣(LeetCode)
链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/balance-a-binary-search-tree

python

# 1382.二叉搜索树变平衡树

# 中序递归-数组-转二叉搜索树
class Solution:
    def balanceBST(self, root: TreeNode) -> TreeNode:
        res = []

        # 中序递归->有序树转数组
        def travel(cur: TreeNode):
            if not cur:
                return
            travel(cur.left)
            res.append(cur.val)
            travel(cur.right)

        # 有序数组转平衡二叉树
        def buildBalancedBST(nums: [int], left: int, right: int) -> TreeNode:
            if left > right:
                return
            mid = left + int((right-left) >> 1)
            root = TreeNode(nums[mid])
            root.left = buildBalancedBST(nums, left, mid-1)
            root.right = buildBalancedBST(nums, mid+1, right)
            return root

        travel(root)
        return buildBalancedBST(res, 0, len(res)-1)

golang

package binaryTree

// 递归中序生成排序的数组,根据数组左闭右闭递归生成BST
func balanceBST(root *TreeNode) *TreeNode {
	res := []int{}
	var travel func(cur *TreeNode)
	var buildBalancedBST func(nums []int, left, right int) *TreeNode
	travel = func(cur *TreeNode) {
		if cur == nil {
			return
		}
		travel(cur.Left)
		res = append(res, cur.Val)
		travel(cur.Right)
	}
	buildBalancedBST = func(nums []int, left, right int) *TreeNode {
		if left > right {
			return
		}
		var mid int = left + (right - left) >> 1
		root := &TreeNode{Val: nums[mid]}
		root.Left = buildBalancedBST(nums, left, mid-1)
		root.Right = buildBalancedBST(nums, mid+1, right)
		return root
	}
	travel(root)
	return buildBalancedBST(res, 0, len(res)-1)
}